Serum samples from 419 polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Svalbard and the Barents Sea (collected 1990-2000) and 108 polar bears from East Greenland (collected 1999-2004) were assayed for antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii using the modified agglutination test. Antibody prevalences were 3.6% among cubs dependent on their mothers and 21.4% among subadults and adults. Among subadults and adults...

We isolate the role of the ocean in polar climate change by directly evaluating how changes in ocean dynamics with quasi-equilibrium CO2 doubling impact high-latitude climate. With CO2 doubling, the ocean heat flux convergence (OHFC) shifts poleward in winter in both hemispheres. Imposing this pattern of perturbed OHFC in a global climate model results in a poleward shift in ocean-to-atmosphere...

Relaxor ferroelectrics have been used in a variety of applications, such as piezoelectrics, capacitors, and transducers. Relaxors exhibit broadened permittivity peaks with dispersion of the frequencydependent dielectric constant. In particular, T ;max, the temperature maximum of the ð!Þ, follows the Vogel Fulcher relationship described by ! 1⁄4 !0e Ua=kBðT ;max Tf Þ; ð1Þ where ! is a frequency ...

The distinction between perfective and imperfective aspect has been identified in many languages across the world. This paper shows that even do not have a dedicated perfective—imperfective may endow verbal construction is specifically aspectual with value. crucial diagnostic for identifying perfectivity given non-aspectual difference temporal interpretation of clauses involving construction, l...

| We propose a new approach for leave-one-out cross-validation of neural network classiiers called \cross-validation with active pattern selection" (CV/APS). In CV/APS, the contribution of the training patterns to network learning is estimated and this information is used for active selection of CV patterns. On the tested examples, the computational cost of CV can be drastically reduced with on...

In many real world problems, data sometimes comes from n agents (n≥2), multipolar information exists. For issues that are associated with uncertainty, this information can not be showed with the values of crisp, fuzzy, intuitionistic or bipolar. Graph is one of the mathematical models widely used in different sciences. Ambiguity in a graph where data depends on the n parameter can not be showed...

We introduce a method for learning to grammatically categorize and organize the contexts of a given query. In our approach, grammatical descriptions, from general word groups to specific lexical phrases, are imposed on the query’s contexts aimed at accelerating lexicographers’ and language learners’ navigation through and GRASP upon the word usages. The method involves lemmatizing, part-of-spee...

Polar regions have garnered substantial research attention in recent years because they are key drivers of the Earth’s climate, a source of rich mineral resources, and the home of a variety of marine life. Nevertheless, global warming over the past century is pushing the polar systems towards a tipping point: the systems are at high-risk from melting snow and sea ice covers, permafrost thawing,...

Pea histones H2a, H2b, H3, and H 4 have been isolated and their interactions studied by fluorescence anisotropy, light scatter, and circular dichroism. Histones H3 and H 4 are almost identical in plants and animals, but plant histones H2a and H2b differ markedly from their mammalian counterparts. Pea H2b has a molecular weight approximately 20% greater than that of calf thymus H2b; the amino ac...

Pressure drop of fully developed, laminar, incompressible flow in smooth mini and microchannels of arbitrary cross-section is investigated. A compact approximate model is proposed that predicts the pressure drop for a wide variety of shapes. The model is only a function of geometrical parameters of the cross-section, i.e., area, perimeter, and polar moment of inertia. The proposed model is comp...