BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous studies have shown motor impairment after a stroke relates to lesion size and location, but unexplained variability in recovery still exists. In this study, we used lesion-mapping techniques in combination with diffusion tensor imaging to quantitatively test the hypothesis that motor recovery in patients with chronic stroke is inversely related to the proportion ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the reliability of the 50-Foot Walk Test (50 FWT) and 30-second Chair Stand Test (30 CST) in patients who have undergone total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS The study was designed as a test-retest research. Thirty-three patients who would undergo bilateral TKA were recruited. The tests 30 CST and 50 FWT were performed twice on the same day with 5-minute intervals, ...

OBJECTIVE We investigated corticospinal tract (CST) integrity in the absence of white matter (WM) lesions using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in early MS disease stages. METHODS Our study comprised 19 patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), 11 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), and 32 age- and sex-matched healthy controls, for whom MRI measures of CST integrity (fractiona...

BACKGROUND Many studies have attempted to elucidate the causes of motor weakness in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Most of these studies have focused on the specific cause of motor weakness. However, little is known about the classification and elucidation of the causes of motor weakness in consecutive patients with TBI. OBJECTIVE To attempt to classify with diffusion tensor imag...

Axons in the adult CNS have poor ability to grow after injury, impeding functional recovery in patients of spinal cord injury. This has been attributed to both a developmental decline in neuron-intrinsic growth ability and the presence of extrinsic growth inhibitors. We previously showed that genetic deletion of Nogo, an extrinsic inhibitor, promoted axonal sprouting from uninjured corticospina...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of laryngopharyngeal neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on dysphonia in patients with dysphagia caused by stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS Eighteen patients participated in this study. The subjects were divided into NMES (n=12) and conventional swallowing training only (CST, n=6) groups. The NMES group received NMES combined with CST...

BACKGROUND Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) is a psychosocial group-based intervention for dementia shown to improve cognition and quality of life with a similar efficacy to cholinesterase inhibitors. Since CST can be delivered by non-specialist healthcare workers, it has potential for use in low-resource environments, such as sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We aimed to assess the feasibility and ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The role of diffusion tensor imaging in determining stroke age remains unclear. We tested the ability of diffusion tensor imaging metrics to discriminate ischemic stroke <4.5 hours of onset. METHODS We enrolled 60 consecutive patients for multimodal 1.5 T MRI within 12 hours of middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke onset. We measured fractional anisotropy (FA), mean di...

BACKGROUND/AIM Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is one of the most common healthcare-associated infectious agents worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro synergistic activities of several antibiotic combinations against carbapenem-resistant (CR) A. baumannii isolates. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen CR A. baumannii strains were isolated from the patients who were...

The effects of cold acclimation (CA) on the cardiorespiratory responses to cold air and water stress tests (CST) were studied in 7 males before and after a CA program of daily 90-min cold water (18 degrees C) immersions repeated 5 times a wk for 5 consecutive wk. The CST consisted of a 90-min resting exposure to cold air (5 degrees C, 30% relative humidity) or water (18 degrees C) during which ...