An artificial three-dimensional (3D) culture system that mimics the tumor microenvironment in vitro is an essential tool for investigating the cross-talk between immune and cancer cells in tumors. In this study, we developed a 3D culture system using an electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibrous scaffold (NFS). A hybrid NFS containing an uninterrupted network of nano- and submicron-scal...

Talimogene laherparepvec is an investigational oncolytic immunotherapy based on a modified herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) that is designed to selectively replicate in tumor tissue and to stimulate a systemic antitumor immune response. Intralesional administration of talimogene laherparepvec is intended to result in oncolysis within injected tumors. Iterative viral replication of virus with...

We have constructed a recombinant defective adenovirus that expresses functional murine IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) chemokine (AdCMVIP-10). Injection of AdCMVIP-10 into s.c. tumor nodules derived from the CT26 murine colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line displayed some antitumor activity but it was not curative in most cases. Previous studies have shown that injection of similar s. c. ...

Objective(s) Sonodynamic therapy is a physical treatment which utilizes ultrasound waves with an appropriate sensitizer such as protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). The activation of sensitizer depends on cavitation, and therefore, high intensity ultrasound is an important necessity. Beside, high intensity ultrasound can induce side effects on the healthy tissues which have surrounded tumor. The particle...

Abstract An antitumor abscopal effect is occasionally observed in radiotherapy and plasma treatment. It a remote induced by tumor irradiation that delays the growth of other distant, nonirradiated tumors. In this study, it was demonstrated normal tissues (not tumors) also leads to an effect. When pulsed streamer discharge irradiated left flanks mice where no existed, murine colorectal carcinoma...

Despite the impressive rates of clinical response to programmed death 1 (PD-1) blockade in multiple cancers, the majority of patients still fail to respond to this therapy. The CT26 tumor in mice showed similar heterogeneity, with most tumors unaffected by anti-PD-1. As in humans, response of CT26 to anti-PD-1 correlated with increased T- and B-cell infiltration and IFN expression. We show that...

Regarding the immunologic effects of anti-cancer treatment and their therapeutic implications, we aimed to evaluate radiotherapy (RT)-induced dynamic alterations in programmed death-1 (PD-1)/ death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression profiles. Local RT with 2 Gy × 5 or 7.5 1 was applied CT26 mouse model. Tumors were resected evaluated at predefined time points according radiation response status: basel...

Beta-glucuronidase (βG) is a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prodrug therapy. The ability to image βG activity in patients would assist in personalized glucuronide prodrug cancer therapy. However, whole-body imaging of βG activity for medical usage is not yet available. Here, we developed a radioactive βG activity-based trapping probe for positron emission tomography (PET). We gene...