نتایج جستجو برای: ctl اختصاصی
تعداد نتایج: 17837 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Abstract. The OH stretching vibrational properties of eight serpentine samples from veins the New Caledonian ophiolite have been investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in mid-infrared and near-infrared ranges Raman spectroscopy. were selected for their monophasic composition (Lz: lizardite; Ctl: chrysotile; Atg: antigorite) making them representative three species. Compa...
Abstract This study investigates the precipitation symmetrization preceding rapid intensification (RI) of tropical cyclones (TCs) experiencing vertical wind shear by analyzing numerical simulations Typhoon Mujigae (2015) with warm (CTL) and relatively cool (S1) sea surface temperatures (SSTs). A novel finding is that maintained continuous development deep convection along inward flank a convect...
The long-accepted notion that alloimmune cytolytic T cells (CTL) mediate transplantation immunity has recently been called into question. In order to ascertain directly whether alloimmune CTL can mediate destruction of foreign tissue, we tested the ability of mouse CTL expanded as cloned populations in vitro to destroy allogeneic skin in vivo. The results of these studies prove unequivocally th...
Priming of melan-A(26/27-35)-specific CTL occurs only in a fraction of late stage melanoma patients, whereas during the early stages of the disease and in healthy volunteers, melan-A CTL have functional and phenotypic markers consistent with a naive phenotype. To study the requirements for expansion of naive melan-A CTL from healthy donors, we set up an in vitro priming protocol and, using tetr...
To investigate how cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) avoid killing themselves when they destroy target cells, we compared 20 different cell lines as target cells, including several CTL cell lines, for their susceptibility to lysis by CTL. Variations in recognition of this diverse set of target cells was circumvented by attaching to all of them a monoclonal antibody to the antigen-specific receptor ...
We longitudinally measured T-cell receptor transcript frequencies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in an individual with rapidly progressive disease and high levels of viremia. CTL clones elicited during acute HIV-1 infection were present at the time of death, despite absent functional CTL responses, arguing against clonal deletion as a mecha...
A multi-valued version of CTL∗ (mv-CTL∗), where both the propositions and the accessibility relation are multi-valued, taking values in a complete lattice with a complement, is considered. Contrary to all the existing model checking results for multi-valued modal logics, our lattices are not required to be finite. A set of restrictions is provided under which there is a direct translation from ...
HLA diversity is seen as a major challenge to CTL vaccines against HIV. One current approach focuses on "promiscuous" epitopes, presented by multiple HLA alleles from within the same HLA supertype. However, the effectiveness of such supertype vaccines depends upon the functional equivalence of CTL targeting a particular epitope, irrespective of the restricting HLA. In this study, we describe th...
CD8 T cell or cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses are an important branch of the immune system in the fight against viral infections. The dynamics of anti-viral CTL responses have been characterized in some detail, both experimentally and with mathematical models. An interesting experimental observation concerns the timing of CTL responses. A recent study reported that in pneumonia virus of ...
The nature of alloreactivity to MHC molecules has been enigmatic, primarily because of the observation that allogeneic responses are considerably stronger than syngeneic responses. To better determine the specificity potential of allogeneic responses, we have generated alloreactive CTL specific for exogenous, viral-derived peptide ligands. This approach allowed us to critically evaluate both th...
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