Diabetes is a growing global problem and a heavy financial burden on health care services. It is estimated that over 380 million people suffer from this condition which causes many deaths each year in addition to being associated with increased risk of other health problems. Traditional medicine is a promising area of research in diabetes therapy as it is widely accessible and it is believed th...

The definition of "minor" veins in leaves is arbitrary and of uncertain biological significance. Generally, the term refers to the smallest vein classes in the leaf, believed to function in phloem loading. We found that a galactinol synthase promoter, cloned from melon (Cucumis melo), directs expression of the gusA gene to the smallest veins of mature Arabidopsis and cultivated tobacco (Nicotia...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com vegetables and flowers. Practicing of grafting in vegetable crops is an exclusive tool in East Asia to manage various vulnerable issues to the intensive vegetable production. In this regard, the first scientific report of vegetable grafting was published during late 1920 in Japan Journal of Horticulture [1]. This study was designed to control soil b...

Tephritid fruit flies are recognized worldwide as the most important threat to horticulture (Allwood and Drew, 1997; Barnes, 2004; Ekesi and Billah, 2007). Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is the aboriginal home to 915 fruit fly species from 148 genera, out of which 299 species develop in either wild or cultivated fruit. They belong mainly to four genera: Bactrocera, Ceratitis, Dacus, and Trirhithrum (...

The most economically important plant pathogens in the genus Pseudoperonospora (family Peronosporaceae) are Pseudoperonospora cubensis and P. humuli, causal agents of downy mildew on cucurbits and hop, respectively. Recently, P. humuli was reduced to a taxonomic synonym of P. cubensis based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence data and morphological characteristics. Nomenclature has ma...