This paper describes localization issues in relation to AIED systems in the developing world, and analyzes the particular case of the successful immersion of learning technologies to schools in Pakistan. The paper analyzes the needs for personalized learning in the developing world in comparison to countries such as the United States. A model and a survey based on various types of localization ...

This paper describes a virtual historically simulated environment with inbuilt evaluation mechanisms to test the effect of various levels of interactivity on user engagement and immersion in a foreign cultural environment. The proposed evaluation mechanisms are computer scripted agents, dynamic physical environments, culturally situated tasks and artifacts, and multi-layered ‘memento maps’. As ...

Building on the writings of Wittgenstein on rule-following and deviance, Kristóf Nyíri advanced a theory of creativity as consisting in a fusion of conflicting rules or disciplines. Only such fusion can produce something that is both intrinsically new and yet capable of being apprehended by and passed on to a wider community. Creativity, on this view, involves not the breaking of rules, or the ...

For the next-generation immersion lithography technology, there is a growing interest in the immersion fluids having a refractive index larger than 1.5 and low absorbance at 193nm wavelength. In this paper, we report our effort in identifying new immersion fluid candidates. The absolute refractive index values and thermo-optic coefficients, dn/dT, were measured with 1x10 and 1x10 accuracy respe...

From Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation to Deposition: A Historical Perspective on Principles and Trends André Anders Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Abstract Plasma immersion techniques of surface modification are known under a myriad of names. The family of techniques reaches from pure plasma ion implantation, to ion implantation...

Immersion in water has been suggested as a beneficial alternative for labor, delivery, or both and over the past decades has gained popularity in many parts of the world. Immersion in water during the first stage of labor may be associated with decreased pain or use of anesthesia and decreased duration of labor. However, there is no evidence that immersion in water during the first stage of lab...

Hemorrhage control during surgery remains a major clinical challenge for surgeons. Bleeding can affect the safety and efficacy of any surgical procedure. There are well-established methods to address this side-effect of surgery, but all current technologies require the surgeon to direct attention to hemostasis rather than the continuance of the procedure. We have developed a novel surgical meth...

OBJECTIVE Ultrasound-guided needle localization has been used prior to the surgical excision of nonpalpable breast lesions. The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of the use of a saline immersion specimen ultrasound technique (immersion-US) to confirm the successful removal of breast lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS The devised immersion-US technique was used to examine the excised ...