BACKGROUND It is commony claimed that changing the culture of health organisations is a fundamental prerequisite for improving the National Health Service (NHS). Little is currently known about the nature or importance of culture and cultural change in primary care groups and trusts (PCG/Ts) or their constituent general practices. AIMS To investigate the importance of culture and cultural cha...

INTRODUCTION Non-communicable diseases are a growing global burden, and structured surveys can identify critical gaps to address this epidemic. In sub-Saharan Africa, there are very few well-tested survey instruments measuring population attributes related to non-communicable diseases. To meet this need, we have developed and validated the first instrument evaluating knowledge, attitudes and pr...

this chapter should assist you to: − understand concepts of race − articulate concepts of culture, identity and social organisation − understand the diversity of Indigenous cultures and the role of cultural identity and practices − reflect on the role of cultural practices and identity for Indigenous cultures globally and in australia − reflect on the diversity of aboriginal and torres strait I...

We identify and test a specific psychological mechanism underlying cross-national differences in preferences for performance-based versus redistributive compensation systems. We posit that individuals’ beliefs in the inherent justness and deservedness of individual outcomes (i.e., just world beliefs: JWBs) can help explain individual and culture-level variation in preferences for these compensa...

Despite the increasing global popularity of corporate sustainability, a nation’s culture and its effects on activities relating to corporate sustainability are little understood. From the perspective of cultural relevance, this paper investigates the similarities and differences between Korea and Japan in their practices of corporate sustainability. Using questionnaire survey data, we examine t...

PURPOSE With a sample of American Indian adults, we estimated the prevalence of adult caregiving, assessed the demographic and cultural profile of caregivers, and examined the association between cultural factors and being a caregiver. This is the first such study conducted with American Indians. DESIGN AND METHODS Data came from a cross-sectional study of 5,207 American Indian adults residin...

Objective: Faculty who are aware of culturally responsive practices are better positioned to implement teaching-learning strategies that meet the educational needs of culturally diverse learners. This study investigated the extent to which faculty used practices that promoted the academic success of African American and Hispanic minority nursing students and their preparedness in teaching these...

BACKGROUND Globally, India contributes the largest share in sheer numbers to the burden of maternal and infant under-nutrition, morbidity and mortality. A major gap in our knowledge is how socio-cultural practices and beliefs influence the perinatal period and thus perinatal outcomes, particularly in the rapidly growing urban setting. METHODS AND FINDINGS Using data from a qualitative study i...

Introduction. Sharing of information across cultural boundaries does not always live up to expectations. Information behaviour is an underlying factor, which can contribute to poor use or non-use of the information or information services at the disposal of indigenous people in a development context. Method. A literature study of information behaviour, cultural contexts and information technolo...

The species remains the basic unit of biological classification. However, since archaeofaunal analysis is time-consuming and costly (especially when fish are the dominant class), it is important to ask whether making species-level identifications is worthwhile in view of the fact that even anciently diverged species can be difficult to differentiate osteologically with fragmented material. This...