Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is involved in the stress response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We show that cAMP is required for resistance to fluconazole in S. cerevisiae. In addition, activation of Ras2, a regulator of cAMP generation, results in some protection from fluconazole toxicity in a fashion independent of the efflux transporter Pdr5p.

β-Lactamases enable resistance to almost all β-lactam antibiotics. Pioneering work revealed that acyclic boronic acids can act as 'transition state analogue' inhibitors of nucleophilic serine enzymes, including serine-β-lactamases. Here we report biochemical and biophysical analyses revealing that cyclic boronates potently inhibit both nucleophilic serine and zinc-dependent β-lactamases by a me...

mixed clayey soils occur as mixtures of sand (or gravel) and clay in widely varying proportions. their engineering behavior has not been comprehensively studied yet. an experimental program, comprising monotonic, cyclic, and post-cyclic triaxial tests was undertaken on compacted clay-granular material mixtures, having different proportions of clay and sand or gravel. this paper presents the res...

We propose a novel doping method of graphene using the cyclic trap-doping method with low energy chlorine adsorption. Low energy chlorine adsorption for graphene chlorination avoided defect (D-band) formation during the doping by maintaining the π-bonding of the graphene, which affects conductivity. In addition, by trapping chlorine dopants between the graphene layers, the sheet resistance coul...

We are presenting an algorithm for watermarking digital images with the aim of obtaining a very high quality of the watermarked image and a strong resistance to print and scan processes. We propose a method which combines an additive watermarking algorithm in the spatial domain providing resistance against cropping and exhaustive search and a synchronisation template in the Fourier domain provi...

Among the various types of photochromic compounds, diarylethenes have good fatigue resistance, but further improvement is required. In this study, we investigated reaction behavior and resistance by inclusion in cyclodextrin (CD), which a cyclic host molecule with three different pore sizes. A water-soluble diarylethene (DE1) synthesized work exhibited reversible photochromism water. Continuous...