ceramide as a second messenger is a key regulator in apoptosis and cytotoxicity. ceramide-metabolizing enzymes are ideal target in cancer chemo-preventive studies. neutral sphingomyelinase (nsmase), acid ceramidase (acdase) and glucosyl ceramide synthase (gcs) are the main enzymes in ceramide metabolism. silymarin flavonolignans are potent apoptosis inducers and silibinin is the most active com...

The color of grapevine berries is one the most important quality parameters that define appearance, attracts consumer, and determines price, especially in red grape cultivars. Some varieties show less development due to many factors such as temperature, light intensity, agricultural management. present study aimed evaluate diverse phytohormones coupled with grafting on fruit coloration ’Crimson...

After preparative isolation, the carbohydrate, long chain base, and fatty acid composition of the major gangliosides from bovine thyroid have been analyzed. The structures were elucidated by determining the molar ratio of the building blocks, permethylation analysis, and enzymatic degradation studies. The following structures are identified: N-Acetylneuraminyl(2,3)-galactosyl(1,4)glucosyl(1,1)c...

Surfactant protein D (SP-D), a C-type lectin, is an important pulmonary host defense molecule. Carbohydrate binding is critical to its host defense properties, but the precise polysaccharide structures recognized by the protein are unknown. SP-D binding to Aspergillus fumigatus is strongly inhibited by a soluble beta-(1-->6)-linked but not by a soluble beta-(1-->3)-linked glucosyl homopolysacch...

In this paper, synthesized (raw) multi-walled carbon nanotube (rMWCNTs) surfaces were modified with chitosan and β-cyclodextrin using Chen’s soft cutting technique. Raw and surface modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes were observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results showed that chitosan and β-cyclodextrin could attach to the outer surface of nanotubes, wrapping the nanotub...

Biotransformation of daidzein, genistein and biochanin A by three selected filamentous fungi was investigated. As a result of biotransformations, six glycosylation products were obtained. Fungus Beauveria bassiana converted all tested isoflavones to 4″-O-methyl-7-O-glucosyl derivatives, whereas Absidia coerulea and Absidia glauca were able to transform genistein and biochanin A to genistin and ...

Two new iso~avonoid biosides\ tectorigenin 3?!glucosyl"0:5#glucoside and iristectorigenin B 6!glucosyl"0:5#glucoside\ a new iso~avonoid monoside\ 3?!methyltectorigenin 6!glucoside and a new ~avone glucoside\ 5\3?!dimethoxy!4!hydroxy~avone 6!glucoside\ together with tectoridin and tectorigenin 3?!glucoside were isolated from rhizomes of Iris carthaliniae[ The structures of the isolated compounds...