The human organic anion-transporting polypeptide 2A1 (OATP2A1) is a prostaglandin transporter expressed in several tissues and plays an important role for local distribution of prostaglandins, which contribute to the integrity of gastric mucosa. Blockade of prostaglandin pathways by cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors has been associated with serious side effects such as gastrointestinal ulceration...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical literature on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors to determine whether a greater incidence of thromboembolic events is universal within the drug class. DATA SOURCES A MEDLINE search was conducted (1996-March 2005) for key articles in the English language assessing the efficacy or safety of these agents. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION Randomized, doubl...

Cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 (COX-1/2) catalyze the initial step in the formation of prostaglandins. Very recently their role in carcinogenesis has become more evident. They influence apoptosis, angiogenesis, and invasion, and play a key role in the production of carcinogens. Usually, a high level of COX-2 expression is found in cancer cells. Large epidemiological trials studying users and non-users...

Prostaglandins are now known to be produced by Candida albicans and may play an important role in fungal colonization. Their synthesis in mammalian cells is decreased by inhibitors of the cyclooxygenase isoenzymes required for prostaglandin formation. In the present study, a catheter disk model system was used to investigate the effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (all cyclooxygenas...