The cytotoxicity of some drugs is a function of extracellular pH. We show that this dependence is greatly enhanced at 43 degrees. At this temperature, we have examined the cell-killing ability of four drugs in the pH range of 6.5 to 8.5. For 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, cytotoxicity is minimum at alkaline pH and increases in monotonic fashion as the milieu becomes more acidic. There is...

The requirement for cell division and expression of new genes was examined in the primary and secondary mouse mixed leukocyte culture (MLC). Hydroxyurea (HU) was used to block DNA synthesis and cell division, and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BUdR) was used to probe for the expression of new cell-specific genes. In the primary MLC, inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell division by HU almost totally s...

objective(s):according to the prevalence of neoplastic diseases, there is a deep necessity for discovery of novel anticancer drugs in the field of medicinal chemistry. in the current study, a new series ofphenylthiazole derivatives(compounds 4a-4f) was synthesizedand theiranticancer activity was assessed in vitro. materials and methods:all synthesized derivatives were evaluated towards three hu...

b ackgro un d : the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles has been investigated in medical fields in recent years, but there are few studies regarding its effect on oral microorganisms. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial and toxicity properties of nanosilver against two dental plaque microorganisms  and human gingival fibroblast (hgf) cell line. me ...

objective(s): the aim of this study was to determine cytotoxic effect of nanoliposomal form of lyophilized aqueous extract of ecballium elaterium fruit on gastric cell line (ags) using cell viability tests. methods: an aqueous extract of the fruits of ecballium elaterium was prepared. nanoliposomal form was also prepared by thin-film hydration method and stability size was determined by sem. th...

Following our studies on the gastroprotective effect and cytotoxicity of terpene derivatives, new amides were prepared from the diterpene 8(17)-labden-15,19-dioic acid (junicedric acid) and its 8(9)-en isomer with C-protected amino acids (amino acid esters). The new compounds were evaluated for their gastroprotective effect in the ethanol/HCl-induced gastric lesions model in mice, as well as fo...

The effect of cell density (number of cells per unit area of a monolayer culture) on the in vitro cytotoxicity of metal ions which are known to be released from dental materials was investigated. The effects of cell density (1) may explain previous discrepancies in in vitro tests, (2) may be important in wound healing where cell density changes over time, and (3) may help clarify the mechanisms...

Aberrant proteins or peptide aggregates form soluble oligomers or nanofibrils that can cause a wide range of amyloidosis diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). The mechanisms of their cytotoxicity, however, remain controversial and poorly understood, greatly hindering the development of AD drugs. Here we report a comprehensive evaluation of the cytotoxicity of the aggregates by meta-anal...

An investigation of cell-mediated cytotoxicity in 22 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), using both whole blood and purified peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) to measure antibody-dependent (ADCC) and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-induced lymphocyte cytotoxicity for Chang liver cells, has revealed 2 distinct abnormalities in patients with active disease. PHA-induced cytotoxicity...

The effect of the adenosine diphosphoribosyltransferase inhibitors, the substituted benzamides, on the cytotoxicity of 6-thioguanine (6TG) was investigated. Nontoxic concentrations of benzamides potentiated the cytotoxicity of 6TG with a dose enhancement factor of 2, producing a 6-fold increase in cell killing at 10% survival. 6TG treatment did not deplete cellular NAD levels, and in the presen...