Biological invasions continue to threaten the stability of ecosystems and societies that are dependent on their services. Whilst ecological impacts invasive alien species (IAS) have been widely reported in recent decades, there remains a paucity information concerning economic impacts. Europe has strong trade transport links with rest world, facilitating hundreds IAS incursions, largely central...

Although schizophrenia affects only about 1% of the worldwide population, it is costly to patients, their families, community care centers, hospitals, and society. International cost of illness studies show a wide variation, with annual costs ranging from Australia's $139 million US dollars (1975) to the cost in the United States of $65.2 billion US dollars (1991). Since methodology and assumpt...

This research aims to study the relationship between the components of quality costs and quality in company. The relationship between the components of quality costs and quality in company has been studied separately for materials, manpower, machinery, and whole of company. In this study, traditional method was used to collect quality costs and PAF model was used to determine the components of ...

The more than 50,000 species of plants, animals, and microbes introduced into the United States (US) cause more extinction of native species than most any other threat and cause more than $120 billion in damages and control costs each year. In particular, invasive mammals and birds cause major environmental and economic losses totaling about $46 billion per year in damage and control costs per ...

Although health care is inherently an economic activity, it is inadequately described as a market process. An alternative, grounded in organizational economic theory, is to view professionals and many others as agents, contracted to advance the best interests of their principals (patients). This view untangles some of the ethical conflicts in dentistry. It also helps identify major controllable...

E very year in the United States spinal cord injuries (SCIs) occur in approximately 12000 individuals, resulting in chronic, debilitating functional deficits in most of these patients. Owing to the extremely high costs associated with hospitalization, subsequent rehabilitation, and outpatient care, it is becoming evident that effective treatments for SCI could drastically reduce health care cos...

conclusions fireworks- related injuries during charshanbeh soori ceremony causes significant morbidities and damage to different body parts (especially upper limbs and face), and some of these injuries will lead to life time disabilities, amputations, and even death. as most of the injured patients are young teenagers and children, special consideration must be taken into account to prevent lon...

to s top faults. "preventable" animal-caused Wildlife managers have long been concerned with the damage wildlife can cause, especially to agricultural crops. However, one area which has received little research is the damage caused by wildlife to electric substations. Such research is needed because damage to electric substations increases operating costs of utilities and reduces reliability of...

conclusions accidents resulting in death, total disability and partial disability impose huge costs that are borne by society, and employers bear relatively low costs due to the health, treatment and welfare systems provided by society for the treatment and rehabilitation of injured workers and their families. also, the results of this study show that investment in the hse-ms is effective and a...