1. Prey responses to high predation risk can be morphological or behavioural and ultimately come at the cost of survival, growth, body condition, or reproduction. These sub-lethal predator effects have been shown to be mediated by physiological stress. We tested the hypothesis that elevated glucocorticoid concentrations directly cause a decline in reproduction in individual free-ranging female ...

Paul C. Rizzo Associates, Inc. (RIZZO) has developed efficient computational tools to evaluate the liquefaction potential of earth embankment dams located within high risk seismic regions. Two relevant case histories are the Saluda Dam and the Santee Cooper East Dam Extension, both structures susceptible to liquefaction, and located in South Carolina. Saluda Dam presents liquefaction risks with...

Worldwide 83% of large dams are embankment structures (ICOLD, 1984), and the proportion is even greater for small dams. Embankment overtopping and breach is an important issue, and the Discusser congratulates the Author for his worthwhile contribution which complements the comprehensive study of Coleman et al. (2002). This discussion is focused on the breach development stage. It is shown that ...

Dams, environment and local people are interrelated. Large dams have several large scale advantages in irrigation, flood control, power generation, inland navigation etc. It is equally true that it has also many large scale adverse impacts inducing controversy and disputes. For example, despite enormous benefits to Canada from large scale dams, the local people of the Basin are still feeling de...

Maternal hypothyroidism impairs fetal growth in the rat, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are unknown. Since the fetus derives its glucose supply from the mother, and maternal thyroidectomy may disturb maternal and placental glucose metabolism, we postulated that maternal and/or placental glucose metabolic compromise may contribute to fetal growth retardation in hypothyroid dams. Feto-pl...

Beaver are an integral component of hydrologic, geomorphic, and biotic processes within North American stream systems, and their propensity to build dams alters stream and riparian structure and function to the benefit of many aquatic and terrestrial species. Recognizing this, beaver relocation efforts and/or application of structures designed to mimic the function of beaver dams are increasing...

Correlations between genetic expression in lambs when dams were young (1 yr), middle-aged (2 and 3 yr), or older (older than 3 yr) were estimated with three-trait analyses for weight traits. Weights at birth (BWT) and weaning (WWT) and ADG from birth to weaning were used. Numbers of observations were 7,731, 9,518, 9,512, and 9,201 for Columbia (COLU), Polypay (POLY), Rambouillet (RAMB), and Tar...

Anthropogenic effects on watersheds are important in explaining the decline of Pacific Northwest salmon stocks. Associations were tested between thirteen anthropogenic variables in 202 watersheds in Washington, Oregon, Idaho and California and the stock status of summer, spring and fall Chinook Onchorhynchus tshawytsha, coho O. kisutch, and winter steelhead O. mykiss. Summer Chinook had the hig...

Effects of repeated administration ofphenobarbital (PB) on blood coagulation-related parameters were examined in non-pregnant, pregnant and lactating rats, and also in pups born to PB-treated lactating dams. PB was orally administered at a dose level of 80 mglkglday to pregnant (from gestation day (GD) 13), postpartum (from postpartum day (PPD) 7) and non-pregnant rats (from 13 weeks of age) fo...

Angus (A), Santa Gertrudis (S), and Gelbvieh (G) sires were mated to A and S dams to produce five mating types (A X A, S X S, S X A, A X S and G X A) in each of four calf crops. The study involved 501 matings. Overall means for the traits measured (calves born/cows exposed, Julian birthdate, calving ease, percentage of live calves at 24 h, birth weight, survival to weaning and gestation length)...