We study the dynamic programming approach to revenue management in context of attended home delivery. draw on results from theory for Markov decision problems show that underlying Bellman operator has a unique fixed point. then provide closed-form expression resulting point and it admits natural interpretation. Moreover, we also – under certain technical assumptions value function, which discre...

Abstract In several online retail contexts, such as grocery retailing, customers have to be present at the moment of delivery, that is, an attended home delivery service is in place. This requirement adds new challenges this channel, often leading narrow profitability. From operations perspective, performed with retailer offering multiple time slots for customer choose from. Retailers target a ...

Abstract Among the various scanning techniques, spot and raster are most frequently adopted. Raster turns off beam only when each isoenergy slice irradiation is completed. This feature intrinsically solves leakage dose frequent beam-switching problems encountered during scanning. However, to shorten delivery time of scanning, a sophisticated control strategy required guarantee distribution. In ...

introduction : pre-hospital emergency systems provide service by franco-german and anglo american models. this study was carried out to compare the iranian emergency medical service (ems) with the two models regarding timing and equipment. methods : in this cross sectional study, response time, scene time, and transport time to hospital as well as ambulance equipment of five hundred thousand te...

background: mehr-80 is a newly established adherent human large cell lung cancer cell line that has not been transfected until now. this study aims to define the optimal transfection conditions and effects of some critical elements for enhancing gene delivery to this cell line by utilizing different non-viral transfection procedures. methods: in the current study, calcium phosphate (cap), deae-...

objective(s): the purpose of the present study was to prepare and to evaluate a novel niosome as transdermal drug delivery system for propranolol hydrochloride and to compare the in vitro efficiency of niosome by either thin film hydration or hand shaking method. materials and methods: niosomes were prepared by thin film hydration (tfh) or hand shaking (hs) method. propranolol niosomes were pre...

the nasal cavity possesses many advantages as a site for drug delivery, such as, ease of administration, applicability for long term treatments and a large surface area for absorption. one important limiting factor for nasal drug delivery is the limited time available for absorption within the nasal cavity due to mucociliary clearance. several drug delivery systems including different kinds of ...