Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is believed to contribute to immune-mediated demyelinating disorders by targeting the myelin-producing oligodendrocyte, a cell known to be highly sensitive to the disruption of protein synthesis and to the perturbation of the secretory pathway. We found that apoptosis induced by IFN-gamma in cultured rat oligodendrocytes was associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER...

Background: Isolated relapsing optic neuropathy is a recurrent painful optic nerve inflammation without any sign of other demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) or neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorders, and the attacks are purely responsive to steroid therapy. Methods: Recurrent isolated optic neuritis (RION) was diagnosed in patients who presented with at least two diss...

In a retrospective review of patients with acquired demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system, 133 patients (5.6%) whose diseases started in childhood, were selected from 2369 patients, who had medical records in the Neurology Department of Dokuz Eylul University. Out of 133, 98 had relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis, 21 had secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, 8 had clinic...

acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (ahle) is a rare demyelinating disease characterized by an acute rapidly progressive fulminant inflammation of the white matter. in this case report, we introduce a case of ahle in children with an interesting and lengthy process and successful treatment. a previously healthy 13-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of fever and loss of conscious...

BACKGROUND Some pediatric patients with inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system disorders cannot be classified under any of the established disease entities, making their treatment and prognosis difficult. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to characterize a subgroup of pediatric patients with recurrent demyelinating central nervous system disorders. METHODS This study inclu...

New CNS neurons and glia are generated throughout adulthood from endogenous neural stem and progenitor cells. These progenitors can respond to injury, but their ability to proliferate, migrate, differentiate, and survive is usually insufficient to replace lost cells and restore normal function. Potentiating the progenitor response with exogenous factors is an attractive strategy for the treatme...

Guillain-Barré syndrome and acute transverse myelitis manifest as demyelinating diseases of the peripheral and central nervous system. Concurrency of these two disorders is rarely documented in literature. A 4-year-old girl presenting with cough, fever, and an impaired walking ability was admitted to hospital. She had no previous complaints in her medical history. A physical examination reveale...

INTRODUCTION Post-infectious encephalitis/encephalopathy is a neurological syndrome that sometimes develops following common viral or bacterial infections. The most common form is acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). ADEM is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that typically presents as a monophasic disorder associated with multifocal neurologic symptoms and encephalit...