The asymmetric anti-aldol addition of ketone-derived donors and aldehyde acceptors is described. Asymmetric induction is achieved through the use of chiral N-amino cyclic carbamate (ACC) auxiliaries. The transformation exhibits essentially perfect anti-diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity, and has the unusual feature of proceeding via thermodynamic, rather than kinetic control.

In this paper we argue that the different scopal relations that deontic modal auxiliaries cross-linguistically exhibit can be explained by assuming that (i) polarity effects arise in the domain of universal deontic modals and therefore not in the domain of existential deontic modals; and (ii) that all deontic modals must be interpreted VP in situ if their polarity requirements allow for that.

This paper addresses a hot topic of Hungarian syntactic research, viz. the treatment of “discontinuous” constructions involving auxiliaries. The case is made for a projective dependency grammar (DG) account built on the notions of rising and catenae (Groß and Osborne, 2009). Additionally, the semantic basis of the dependency created by rising is described with a view to analogy and construction...

Chiral C₂-symmetric diamines have emerged as versatile auxiliaries or ligands in numerous asymmetric transformations. Chiral 2,2'-bispyrrolidine-based salan ligands were prepared and applied to the asymmetric aryl transfer to aldehydes with arylboronic acids as the source of transferable aryl groups. The corresponding diarylmethanols were obtained in high yields with moderate to good enantiosel...

The title compound, C(25)H(24)O(4), a meth-oxy-methyl (MOM) bis-protected BINOL derivative containing a methyl substituent in position 3, is a key inter-mediate for the synthesis of a great variety of chiral auxiliaries. The planes of the naphthyl aromatic rings are at an angle of 70.74 (3)°. There are no conventional hydrogen bonds binding the mol-ecules.

(a) the modal auxiliaries ‘might’ and ‘must’, (b) the (sentential) adverbs ‘possibly’ and ‘probably’, (c) the various sentential operators that can be constructed from the modal adjectives ‘possible’ and ‘probable’, such as ‘it’s (very) possible that’, ‘it’s (very) probable that’, ‘there is a strong possibility that’, ‘is at least as probable as’, ‘is more probable than’, etc., and (d) those op...

Environmental protection initiatives are speeding up the replacement of present IC engine-based transportation system with an electric motor-driven system. In vehicles (EV), energy stored in batteries is used for traction vehicle and operation auxiliaries. The range was identified to be one major challenges faced by EV segment. optimization consumption best solution improvement EV. Auxiliaries ...

We present an analysis of Dutch cross serial dependencies in Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar ((P&S(1994)]). We start out from the assumption that causative and perceptual verbs, like auxiliaries, can lexically`raise' the arguments of the non-nite verbs they govern to their own list of arguments through \argument composition" ((H&N(1989)]).

We show how to turn a large-scale syntactic dictionary into a dependency-based unification grammar where each piece of lexical information calls a separate rule, yielding a super granular grammar. Subcategorization, raising and control verbs, auxiliaries and copula, passivization, and tough-movement are discussed. We focus on the semantics-syntax interface and offer a new perspective on syntact...

Access to P-chiral H-phosphinates via desymmetrization of hypophosphite esters was investigated. The use of chiral auxiliaries, chiral catalysts, and of a bulky prochiral group that could lead to kinetic resolution was explored. A chiral NMR assay for enantiomeric excess determination of H-phosphinates was developed. An asymmetric route to C-chiral H-phosphinates is also examined and an assay w...