Human dental enamel, the hardest tissue in the body, plays a vital role in protecting teeth from wear as a result of daily grinding and chewing as well as from chemical attack. It is well established that the mechanical strength and fatigue resistance of dental enamel are derived from its hierarchical structure, which consists of periodically arranged bundles of hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanowires. ...

BACKGROUND Dental whitening has been increasingly sought out to improve dental aesthetics, but may cause chemical and morphological changes in dental enamel surfaces. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated in vitro the effect of 10% strontium chloride and 5% potassium nitrate with fluoride on bovine enamel, through tristimulus colorimetry, Knoop microhardness (KHN), and roughness after bleaching with...

In the past few years bioimpedance has been used in many applications in dentistry, such as estimating the length of root canals and the physical properties of enamel. Despite the significant number of studies using bioimpedance to investigate the dental structure, many of them use only the real component of bioimpedance, i.e., the resistance, disregarding the information provided by the imagin...

Human dental reduction has been manifested in evolutionary and secular trends, but it is not known to what degree each of these complementary processes contributes to changes in tooth size. Enamel hypoplasia is a marker of developmental stress that is often found to be of greater frequency and severity in populations undergoing dental size reduction. In order to test the developmental associati...

Tabby is a mouse mutant characterized by deficient development of the ectodermal organs: teeth, hair, and a subset of glands. Ectodysplasin, the protein encoded by the Tabby gene, was recently identified as a novel TNF-like transmembrane protein but little is known about its function. We have examined the Tabby tooth phenotype in detail by analysis of the adult and embryonic teeth. Tabby first ...

PURPOSE To review of the current status of enamel microabrasion method and its results 18 years after the development and application of this method. METHODS A technique performing enamel microabrasion with hydrochloric acid mixed with pumice and other techniques employing a commercially available compound of hydrochloric acid and fine-grit silicon carbide particles in a water-soluble paste h...

The characterization and quantification of human dental enamel microstructure, in both permanent and deciduous teeth, allows us to document crucial growth parameters and to identify stressful events, thus contributing to the reconstruction of the past life history of an individual. Most studies to date have focused on the more accessible post-natal portion of the deciduous dental enamel, even t...

Proteins in mineralized tissues provide a window to the past, and dental enamel is peculiar in being highly resistant to diagenesis and providing information on a very narrow window of time, such as the developing period; however, to date, complete proteins have not been extracted successfully from ancient teeth. In this work we tested the ability of a whole-crown micro-etch technique to obtain...

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is an inherited disorder of collagen which might manifest in dentin. OI is due to a collagen mutation where glycine is substituted by larger amino acids disturbing collagen fibril coiling. The defect collagen might impair dentin mineralization. As OI is a collagen disturbance, a majority of publications has focused on the organic components of tissues. The inorganic...

Enamel pearls are anatomical structures that can bring about clinical implications if associated with the retention of plaque, in turn resulting in periodontal disease. In an attempt to avoid periodontal disease, the removal and treatment of these enamel pearls, may be a necessity in some circumstances. A total of 45,785 extracted teeth from a human teeth bank were analyzed for the presence of ...