The accuracy of a robot manipulator’s position in an application environment is dependent on the manufacturing accuracy and the control accuracy. Unfortunately, there always exist both manufacturing error and control error. Calibration is an approach to identifying the accurate geometry of the robot. In general, robots must be calibrated to improve their accuracy. A calibrated robot has a highe...

A smartphone-based tidal volume (V(T)) estimator was recently introduced by our research group, where an Android application provides a chest movement signal whose peak-to-peak amplitude is highly correlated with reference V(T) measured by a spirometer. We found a Normalized Root Mean Squared Error (NRMSE) of 14.998% ± 5.171% (mean ± SD) when the smartphone measures were calibrated using spirom...

We discuss the joint calibration of novel 3D range cameras based on the time-of-flight principle with the Photonic Mixing Device (PMD) and standard 2D CCD cameras. Due to the small field-of-view (fov) and low pixel resolution, PMD-cameras are difficult to calibrate with traditional calibration methods. In addition, the 3D range data contains systematic errors that need to be compensated. Theref...

Rectified images are needed for proper depth map estimation. In our solution, we used chessboard calibration pattern and corners extraction algorithms. First step was to capture independent sequences for each camera and find chessboard corners coordinates. Coordinates obtained from every sequence was averaged to eliminate noise influence. Then intrinsic matrices (I) and distortion parameters (D...

In-camera light scattering is a systematic error of Time-of-Flight depth cameras that significantly reduces the accuracy of the systems. A completely new model is presented, based on raw data calibration and only one additional intrinsic camera parameter. It is shown that the approach effectively removes the errors of in-camera light scattering.

BACKGROUND The precision in carbon ion radiotherapy depends on the calibration of Hounsfield units (HU) as measured with computed tomography (CT) to water equivalence. This calibration can cause relevant differences between treatment planning and treatment delivery. METHODS Calibration data for several soft tissues were measured repeatedly to assess the accuracy of range calibration. Samples ...

Monocular plenoptic cameras are slightly modified, off-the-shelf cameras that have novel capabilities as they allow for truly passive, high-resolution range sensing through a single camera lens. Commercial plenoptic cameras, however, are presently delivering range data in non-metric units, which is a barrier to novel applications e.g. in the realm of robotics. In this work we revisit the calibr...

A protocol for three-dimensional molecular thin-film analysis is described that utilizes imaging time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and large-area atomic force microscopy. As a test study, a 300-nm trehalose film deposited on a Si substrate was structured by bombardment with a focused 15-keV Ga+ ion beam and analyzed using a 40-keV C60+ cluster ion beam. A three-dimensional sputter ...

Modern robotic spectral solar instruments designed for retrievals of aerosol optical depth (AOD), such as the Multi-Filter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer (MFRSR) (Harrison et al. 1994), usually operate in an unattended mode. Thus their raw data sets sample a wide range of atmospheric conditions, most of which are undesirable for aerosol optical depth analysis. In addition, these instruments are...

Consumer-grade range cameras such as the Kinect sensor have the potential to be used in mapping applications where accuracy requirements are less strict. To realize this potential insight into the geometric quality of the data acquired by the sensor is essential. In this paper we discuss the calibration of the Kinect sensor, and provide an analysis of the accuracy and resolution of its depth da...