in this study, government budgets in the last 150 years have been examined based on leviathan state and the selection process theories. using this descriptive-historical method we evaluate the impact of financial behavior of government on development. in the first section of this paper, the concept of government nature has been defined and its influence on public finance is fully explained. mor...

In this paper, we analyze how lack of credibility and transparency of monetary and fiscal policies undermines the effectiveness of macroeconomic policies to isolate the economy from commodity price fluctuations. We develop a general equilibrium model for a commodity exporting economy where macro policies are conducted through rules. We show that the responses of output, aggregate demand, and in...

We examine the role of money in the policies of the ECB, using introductory statements of the ECB President at the monthly press conferences during 1999-2004. Over time, the relative amount of words devoted to the monetary analysis has decreased. Our analysis of indicators of the monetary policy stance suggests that developments in the monetary sector, while somewhat more important in the later...

This paper studies the interactions of fiscal and monetary policies in the presence of fiscal spillovers within a monetary union. When capital markets are integrated, the fiscal policy of any member country will influence equilibrium wages and interest rates across the whole union. Thus there are fiscal spillovers within a federation. Within a general class of monetary policy rules, there does ...

Monetary policies, either actual or perceived, cause changes in monetary interest rates. These changes impact the economy through financial institutions, which react to changes in the monetary rates with changes in their administered rates, on both deposits and lendings. The dynamics of administered bank interest rates in response to changes in money market rates is essential to examine the imp...

Using an estimated DSGE model that features monetary and fiscal policy interactions and allows for equilibrium indeterminacy, we find that a passive monetary and passive fiscal policy regime prevailed in the pre-Volcker period while an active monetary and passive fiscal policy regime prevailed post-Volcker. Since both monetary and fiscal policies were passive pre-Volcker, there was equilibrium ...

Abstract Using an estimated DSGE model that features monetary and fiscal policy interactions and allows for equilibrium indeterminacy, we find that a passive monetary and passive fiscal policy regime prevailed in the pre-Volcker period while an active monetary and passive fiscal policy regime prevailed post-Volcker. Since both monetary and fiscal policies were passive pre-Volcker, there was equ...

based on the “aggregate demand” theory, monetary policies are designed with the aim of achieving desirable level of macroeconomic goals through affecting the stock of money supplyand income velocity of money. thus, the velocity (v)-as well as money supply - has significant impact, particularly on rate of inflation through expansionary or contractionary monetary policy. to focus on the velocity ...