Management of patients with infectious intracranial aneurysms (IIAs) who require valve replacement remains a challenge. Although there is potential risk of aneurysmal rupture associated with cardiac surgery, there have been few reported ruptures of IIAs during the perioperative period of valve replacement. We present a unique patient who suffered intracerebral hemorrhage due to rupture of an II...

Abstract Mitral valve repair is a common and preferred technique over mitral replacement whenever it feasible. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) not only reliably identify repairable but also guide appropriate intervention. In addition to two-dimensional (2D) TEE, the three-dimensional (3D) clearly delineates size shape of apparatus, determine repairability success technique. We illustrate...

A49-year-old man was referred because of an acute myocardial infarction. He had undergone aortic and mitral valve replacements for endocarditis in 1984 (Figure 1). In the early 1990s, the mitral valve had developed a paravalvular leak that was not regarded as consequential. A right-sided mass was noted on the chest roentgenogram, however, that was interpreted as a pericardial “cyst.” The patien...

Dynamic obstruction to left ventricular outflow in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy usually occurs when the anterior mitral leaflet moves forward in systole and approaches or contacts the ventricular septum. However, we have recently identified, by M mode and two-dimensional echocardiography, 21 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who had a unique pattern of mitral valve motion c...

During a two-year period (February 1973 to February 1975) 20 consecutive patients with post-infarction left ventricular aneurysm, seen at the Wessex Cardiac and Thoracic Centre, underwent aneurysmectomy with or without aorta-to-coronary artery saphenous vein bypass grafts, ventricular septal defect closure, or valve replacement. The diagnoses were established by clinical means, plain chest radi...

Iatrogenic injury to the aortic valve is a rare but frequently reported complication during mitral valve surgeries. Intraoperative 2-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (2D TEE) has a major impact in diagnosing these injuries, so that timely intervention is possible. However, 2D TEE has lot of limitations during the perioperative period, which can be overcome by the three dimensional e...

Hemolytic anemia is recognized as a rare complication of mitral valve replacement or repair. We report on a 44-year-old man with shortness of breath and hemolytic anemia, 23 years after mitral valve replacement (Hall-Kaster), and a 63-year-old woman diagnosed of hemolytic anemia, 4 years after mitral and tricuspid annuloplasty (Tailor ring, An-core ring). Routine 2-dimensional transthoracic ech...