OBJECTIVE Postprandial lipemia has been linked to atherosclerosis and inflammation. Because leukocyte activation is obligatory for atherogenesis, leukocyte activation by triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) was investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS The expression of CD11b and CD66b after incubation with glucose and native and artificial TRLs (NTRL and ATRL) in vivo and in vitro was evaluated by ...

Abdominal ischemia and reperfusion evoke reflex excitation of the cardiovascular system and generate reactive oxygen species. We have shown previously that the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) elicits reflex excitation of the cardiovascular system after serosal application to abdominal organs. However, it is not known if ischemia-sensitive afferents respond to reactive oxygen sp...

BACKGROUND Whether isoflurane preconditioning produces delayed neuroprotection in the spinal cord is unclear. The authors tested the hypothesis that isoflurane produces delayed preconditioning against spinal cord ischemic injury and, further, that the beneficial effect is dependent on free radicals. METHODS In experiment 1, 63 rabbits were randomly assigned to seven groups (n = 9 each): Anima...

During renal ischemia, ATP is degraded to hypoxanthine. When xanthine oxidase converts hypoxanthine to xanthine in the presence of molecular oxygen, superoxide radical (O-2) is generated. We studied the role of O-2 and its reduction product OH X in mediating renal injury after ischemia. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent right nephrectomy followed by 60 min of occlusion of the left renal artery...

The regulation of the antioxidant defence system by ultraviolet-B (UV-B) was determined in a marine macroalga Ulva fasciata Delile exposed to low (0.5, 1 W m(-2)), medium (2.5, 5 W m(-2)), and high (10, 20 W m(-2)) UV-B irradiance. UV-B > or =2.5 W m(-2) increased H2O2 contents that are positively correlated with lipid peroxidation and total peroxide contents. Inhibition of the UV-B-induced H2O...

We report a study of 3,3-dimethyl substituted acylthioureas. X ray data and quantum mechanical calculations demonstrated that the "S" conformation is the most stable both for the acylthioureas and the corresponding anions. The high regioselectivity towards S-alkylation is explained on the basis of the localization of the HOMO mainly over the sulfur atom. Introduction The acylthioureid group pre...

structure of molecules by gaining insight into nuclear interactions. Used in conjunction with theoretical calculations, NMR has the potential to elucidate these nuclear interactions and how they affect structure, bonding and dynamics on a molecular scale. The first two projects presented herein study the peroxide explosive BLOCKIN BLOCKIN hexamethylene BLOCKIN BLOCKIN triperoxide BLOCKIN BLOCKI...

A number of scavengers of reactive oxygen metabolites reduce myocardial injury when given before ischemia and reperfusion, but few, if any, have proven to be effective when given near the onset of reperfusion. This is particularly true when infarct size is measured after at least 48 hours of reperfusion, when the full extent of myocardial damage has become apparent. Dimethylthiourea (DMTU) is a...

Portions ofthe work were presented by Ms. Toth at the Annual Meeting ofthe Western Society for Clinical Investigation, where she was awarded the Western Section-American Federation of Clinical Research Medical Student Pulmonary Subspecialty Prize. The work has also been selected for presentation at meetings of the American Society for Clinical Investigation and at the National Medical Student R...

This experiment was designed to investigate whether 4-O-methylhonokiol (MH), a principal ingredient of Magnolia (M.) officinalis bark, alleviated acute intraperitoneal (i.p.) kainic acid- (KA-) induced brain blood barrier dysfunction (BBBD) via pathological examination and cytological analyses of the brain tissues of mice. KA (10-30 mg/kg) time- and dose-dependently increased the water content ...