Observations have reported a widespread dimming of surface incident solar radiation (Rs) from the 1950s to the 1980s and a brightening afterwards. However, none of the state-of-the-art earth system models, including those from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5), could successfully reproduce the dimming/brightening rates over China. We find that the decadal variability of ...

Neuronal responses to prolonged stimulation attenuate over time. Here, we ask a fundamental question: is adaptation a simple process for the neural system during which sustained input is ignored, or is it actually part of a strategy for the neural system to adjust its encoding properties dynamically? After simultaneously recording the activities of a group of bullfrog's retinal ganglion cells (...

KIC 8462852 is a superficially ordinary main sequence F star for which Kepler detected an unusual series of brief dimming events. We obtain accurate relative photometry of KIC 8462852 from the Kepler full-frame images, finding that the brightness of KIC 8462852 monotonically decreased over the four years it was observed by Kepler. Over the first ∼1000 days KIC 8462852 faded approximately linear...

Providing network access for multiple users in a visible light communication (VLC) system that utilizes white light emitting diodes (LED) as sources requires new networking techniques adapted to the lighting features. In this paper we introduce two multiple access techniques using expurgated PPM (EPPM) that can be implemented using LEDs and support lighting features such as dimming. Multilevel ...

The renewable energy has been attracting attention as a new alternative energy due to the problem of environmental pollution and resource depletion. In particular, daylighting and PV system are regarded as the solutions. In this paper, the hybrid dimming control system supplied by solar cell and daylighting system was designed. Daylighting system is main source and PV system is spare source. PV...

rendering algorithms. design must complement such timedependent phenomena as the motion of performers, the changing focus of attention, and the shifting mood of the plot. In addition, the design must remain precisely synchronized with the music. The most difficult and time-consuming part of the lighting design process is determining changes in lighting intensityover time, or dimming. The lighti...

We studied the functional neuroanatomy of attention to speed of motion using functional magnetic resonance imaging in eight healthy subjects, who performed a speed discrimination (SID) task using a random textured pattern moving at a reference speed of 6 deg/s. During the control condition (DIM), with retinal stimulation identical to that during SID, subjects detected the dimming of the central...

Giant clams (Tridacna spp.) have several hundred small pinhole-type eyes on the exposed mantle. They respond by withdrawing the mantle to movements of dark objects, even if these cast no shadow on the animal as a whole. I investigated this 'sight reaction' using black and white square-wave gratings whose phase abruptly changed so that the white areas became dark and vice versa. Gratings with pe...

This paper proposes a method of controlling external electrode lamps (EEFLs) for local dimming of liquid crystal displays (LCDs). In the proposed method, each EEFL is divided into four partitions using external electrodes formed on the outer surface of the lamp. The luminance is controlled by varying the duration of ac power applied to the center electrode of each partition. The shape of the ex...

We used positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in human subjects to investigate whether the ventral and dorsal visual stream cooperate when active judgements about color have to be made. Color was used as the attribute, because it is processed primarily in the ventral stream. The centrally positioned stimuli were equiluminant shades of brown. The suc...