Building on recent practice-oriented and multimodal shifts in bilingual education content area education, we propose a disciplinary perspective translanguaging that leverages the synergy between contemporary conceptualizations of learning. Specifically, consists two features: (a) connecting practices to (b) framing multimodality as essential constructing meaning. We illustrate these features us...

Design of modern engineering products requires complexity management. Several methodologies for complex system optimization have been developed in response. Single-level strategies centralize decision-making authority, while multi-level strategies distribute the decision-making process. This article studies the impact of coupling strength on single-level Multidisciplinary Design Optimization fo...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Multiple disciplinary efforts are increasingly encouraged in health research, services, education and policy. This paper is the third in a series. The first discussed the definitions, objectives, and evidence of effectiveness of multiple disciplinary teamwork. The second examined the promoters, barriers, and ways to enhance such teamwork. This paper addresses the questions of...

in previous editorials[1,2] we explained about available fields of inter-disciplinary researches (idrs) in iran,[2] professional, organizational, cultural obstacles, and required polices for development of idrs in iran.[1] in this editorial, i want to discuss about one of the idr fields in iran that seems to have more available conditions for marketing comparing to other interdisciplinary areas.

In the distant past, astronomy was often intertwined with religion into a unified cosmos. As science became a distinct cultural enterprise, astronomy has witnessed a variety of rich interactions with other fields. Mathematical statistics was stimulated in the 19th century by astronomical problems, and today astrostatistics is a small but growing cross-disciplinary field advancing methodology to...

This chapter reports work done mostly by one member of the team – a philosopher with substantial AI programming experience, whose primary interests were in the very long term goals of the project, summarised in Chapter 1, including the goal of shedding light on problems solved by biological evolution , and who was not directly involved in the coding but who interacted closely with people who we...