In this paper, we consider correlation coefficient, rank correlation coefficient and cosine similarity measures for evaluating similarity between Homo sapiens and monkeys. We used DNA chromosomes of genome wide genes to determine the correlation between the chromosomal content and evolutionary relationship. The similarity among the H. sapiens and monkeys is measured for a total of 210 chromosom...

Niche overlap is increasingly used as a way of measuring the intensity of interorganizational competition. This paper examines and compares various distance and cosine measures of niche overlap. The analysis in this paper shows that Euclidean distance applied to the raw data as well as to transformed data is not an appropriate measure of niche overlap. An alternative measure from the cosine fam...

We compute families of symmetric periodic horseshoe orbits in the restricted three-body problem. Both the planar and three-dimensional cases are considered and several families are found. We describe how these families are organized as well as the behavior along and among the families of parameters such as the Jacobi constant or the eccentricity. We also determine the stability properties of in...

In this paper we propose an inexact proximal point method to solve equilibrium problem using proximal distances and the diagonal subdifferential. Under some natural assumptions on the problem and the quasimonotonicity condition on the bifunction, we prove that the sequence generated for the method converges to a solution point of the problem.

In a previous article, we presented a systematic computational study of the extraction of semantic representations from the word-word co-occurrence statistics of large text corpora. The conclusion was that semantic vectors of pointwise mutual information values from very small co-occurrence windows, together with a cosine distance measure, consistently resulted in the best representations acros...

In this paper, the cosine similarity measure of neutrosophic refined (multi-) sets is proposed and its properties are studied. The concept of this cosine similarity measure of neutrosophic refined sets is the extension of improved cosine similarity measure of single valued neutrosophic. Finally, using this cosine similarity measure of neutrosophic refined set, the application of medical diagnos...

Despite the importance of cryptic and conspicuous coloration in pelagic ecosystems, few researchers have investigated the optimal reflectance spectra for either trait. In this study, the underwater radiance distribution in tropical oceanic water was modelled using measured inherent optical properties and radiative transfer calculations. The modelled light field was then used to predict the refl...

Monte Carlo simulation of photon scattering, with and without abnormal tissue placed at various locations in the rectangular, semi-circular and semi-elliptical tissue models, has been carried out. The absorption coefficient of the tissue considered as abnormal is high and its scattering coefficient low compared to that of the control tissue. The placement of the abnormality at various locations...

An innovative 3D multi-branch tubular structure and centerline extraction method is proposed in this paper. In contrast to classical minimal path techniques that can only detect a single curve between two pre-defined initial points, this method propagates outward from only one initial seed point to detect 3D multi-branch tubular surfaces and centerlines simultaneously. First, instead of only re...