The Drosophila transformer-2 gene uses alternative promoters and splicing patterns to generate four different mRNAs that together encode three putative RNA-binding polypeptides. The transformer-2 products expressed in somatic tissues function to regulate the RNA splicing of the sex determination gene doublesex, whereas products expressed in the male germ line play an unknown, but essential, rol...

The behavior of three phase five leg transformer under voltage sag is studied in this paper. This paper proposes a simple, practical model of a three phase-five leg, saturated transformer with accurate performance. Transformer saturation is produced when the voltage sag is recovered and it causes inrush current in transformer. Effects of voltage sag depth, duration and initial point on wave hav...

Transformer inrush currents are highmagnitude, harmonic-rich currents generated when transformer cores are driven into saturation during energization. These currents have undesirable effects, including potential damage or loss-of-life to the transformer, protective relay misoperation, and reduced power quality on the system. Controlled transformer switching can potentially eliminate these trans...

The ant colony algorithm is a new technique for combinatorial optimization borrowed from swarm intelligence. This paper outlines an ant colony algorithm to compute the optimal order of restoring sections in a power distribution system. Restoration of distribution feeders after long interruptions creates cold load pickup conditions due to loss of diversity among the loads. The distribution syste...

The most common cause of power transformer failures is mechanical defect brought about by excessive vibration, which is formed by the combination of multiples of a frequency of 120 Hz. In this paper, the types of mechanical exciting forces applied to the power transformer were classified, and the mechanical damage mechanism of the power transformer was identified using the vibration transfer ro...

The power transformer is one of the most important equipment in a power system. Optimal design of transformer involves determination of design parameters of a power transformer when a chosen objective is optimized, simultaneously satisfying a set of constraints. In this paper Simulated Annealing (SA) is used for optimization of Power Transformer Design (OPTD).The total mass of core and copper i...

Recently electronic tap-changer has received more attention due to its quick response, better performance and simpler maintenance compared to the mechanical tap-changer. This paper presents the capability of the distribution transformer equipped with an electronic tap-changer for improving power quality. At this end, the analytical computation for determining the compensating limit of electroni...

This paper proposes a novel Fault Current Limiter (FCL) for the application on distribution networks to control voltage sags at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) during faults. This new FCL is based on series resonance including resonance transformer and series capacitor. So, by proper design of the series resonance LC tank, the fault current is limited to an acceptable level. The FCL operatio...