The uptake and utilization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) by marine invertebrates is a field that has received significant attention over the past 100 years. Although it is well established that DOM is taken up by marine invertebrates, the extent to which it contributes to an animal's survival, growth, and reproduction (that is, the ecological benefits) remains largely unknown. Previous work...

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) can affect the bioavailability of heavy metals in soil, especially in soils used for vegetable production, where intensive organic fertilization is applied. The present study examined the effects of DOM derived from commercial organic fertilizers (COF), cow manure (COM) and chicken manure (CHM), on uptake and translocation of lead (Pb) in Brassica chinensis in a p...

An iterative method is proposed to construct the Bregman projection of a point onto a countable intersection of closed convex sets in a reflexive Banach space. 1. Problem statement Let (X , ‖ · ‖) be a reflexive real Banach space with dual (X ∗, ‖ · ‖∗) and let f : X → ]−∞,+∞] be a lower semicontinuous (l.s.c.) convex function which is Gâteaux differentiable on int dom f 6= Ø and Legendre [1, D...

UV treatment is a cost-effective disinfection process for drinking water, but concerned to have negative effects on water quality in distribution system by changed DOM structure. In the study, the authors evaluated the effects of UV disinfection on the water quality in the distribution system by investigating structure of DOM, concentration of AOC, chlorine demand and DBP formation before and a...

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) represents the largest organic matter pool in freshwater systems, but much of it remains molecularly uncharacterized. Although freshwater systems cover only a small area of the earth’s surface, inland waters are an important component of the global carbon cycle. The traditional idea that rivers are simply conduits for refractory carbon delivery to coastal areas is...

Freshwater mussels are exceptionally sensitive to many contaminants including metals, but the mechanisms of toxicity are not fully understood. Similarly, our understanding of the protective effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is also undergoing revision, since recent studies have found that DOM may also directly affect organism physiology, in addition to its well known capability in compl...

Background: The use of the desirability function approach combined with the response surface methodology (RSM), also called Desirability Optimization Methodology (DOM), has been successfully applied to solve medical, chemical, and technological questions. It is particularly effi cient for the determination of the optimal conditions in natural or industrial processes involving d...

Given a set 5 with an irreflexive relation >, define the operators dom and max as follows. For any subset T of S, dom T is the set of all x in 5 such that for some t\nT,t>x; max T= T — dom T. A solution of (S, >) is a subset T of 5 satisfying T = S — dom T. A solution of an w-person game in the sense of [3] is precisely a solution, as just defined, of a certain system (S, >) associated with the...

In this article we investigate the dual-shattering cardinal H, the dualsplitting cardinal S and the dual-reaping cardinal R, which are dualizations of the well-known cardinals h (the shattering cardinal, also known as the distributivity number of P(ω)/fin), s (the splitting number) and r (the reaping number). Using some properties of the ideal J of nowhere dual-Ramsey sets, which is an ideal ov...

1 Advances in genetics have allowed for greater investigation into the complex microbial 2 communities mediating mercury methylation in the environment. In wetlands in particular, 3 dissolved organic matter (DOM) may influence methylmercury production both through direct 4 chemical interactions with mercury and through substrate effects on the environmental 5 microbiome. We conducted microcosm ...