In conditions of market economy and competition it is great importance to reduce the cost coal mining. It especially important when mining at complicated deposits Kuzbass. these choose technology stripping winning works, providing a minimum for them. There are two essential factors achieving this goal: reduction expenses on transportation overburden connected with alienation lands external dump...

Abstract Raman spectroscopy is used to elucidate the effect of spinning conditions upon structure and mechanical properties silk spun by Nephila spiders from major ampullate gland. Silk fibers produced under natural with rates between 2 20 mm s −1 differed in microstructure either more slowly or rapidly. The data support “uniform strain” hypothesis that reinforcing units spider are subjected sa...

Technologies that separate manure or digestate into fractions with different solids and nutrient contents present interesting options to mitigate storage emissions (by reducing the quantity of carbon stored anaerobically) improve distribution water transported nutrients). In this study, dairy farm model, DairyCrop-Syst, was used simulate methane (CH 4 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 O), ammonia (NH 3 for...

Engineered Spider Silk Protein In article number 2200986, Anna Rising and co-workers present the impressive strength of spider silk fibers conferred by poly-alanines in stacked β-sheets (steric zippers pink). By protein engineering expression prokaryotic hosts, they have done what spiders cannot do: increase hydrophobicity intermolecular interactions steric (turquoise) thereby generating strong...

In nature, tiny amounts of inorganic impurities, such as metals, are incorporated in the protein structures of some biomaterials and lead to unusual mechanical properties of those materials. A desire to produce these biomimicking new materials has stimulated materials scientists, and diverse approaches have been attempted. In contrast, research to improve the mechanical properties of biomateria...

Spider silk possesses a unique combination of high tensile strength and elasticity resulting in extraordinarily tough fibers, compared with the best synthetic materials. However, the potential application of spider silk and biomimetic fibers depends upon retention of their high performance under a variety of conditions. Here, we report on changes in the mechanical properties of dragline and cap...

Dragline silk is the most prominent amongst spider silks and comprises two types of major ampullate spidroins (MaSp) differing in their proline content. In the natural spinning process, the conversion of soluble MaSp into a tough fiber is, amongst other factors, triggered by dimerization and conformational switching of their helical amino-terminal domains (NRN). Both processes are induced by pr...