subluxation of the proximal interphalangeal joint (pipj or pastern joint) is an uncommon condition that occurs in the forelimb or hindlimb. thoroughbred racehorses rarely show dorsal pastern subluxation (thoroughbred ringbone) secondarily to an injury to the soft tissues supporting the fetlock. a 4-year-old thoroughbred mare was presented with signs of lameness, swelling of the dorsal aspect of...

background: creating a socket with proper fit is an important factor to ensure the comfort and control of prosthetic devices. several techniques are commonly used to cast transtibial stumps but their effect on stump shape deformation is not well understood. this study compares the dimensions, circumferences and volumes of the positive casts and also the socket comfort between two casting method...

When two objects are presented in rapid succession, observers find it difficult to discriminate their temporal order. Below certain limit (e.g., 20-70 ms), the rate of correct temporal order judgement is reported to be about 50% (i.e., close to chance level). However we have found stimulus conditions where order discrimination drops significantly below chance level: the stimulus that is present...

Display environments for presentations are becoming diverse, and it is common to have multiple displays in the same room. We present a system to edit and give presentations using multiple displays. The main idea is to separate the content from the views. The author prepares presentation visuals (text and images) on an infinitely zoomable canvas, and then specifies what is shown in each display ...

CSF fistula/CSF leak is a pathological disorder that spans all ages. the primary clinical characteristic of this disorder is abnormal leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), from CSF containing compartments of the central nervous system (CNS) to the around space due to abnormal defect of the Dura matter and the skull [1], which typically appears as a clear watery leakage from nose (rhinorrhea) or...

A MAP holds the corners M icrotubule-associated proteins (MAPs) reinforce microtubules (MTs). Fourniol et al. provide the fi rst close-up of a MT-bound MAP, clarifying how it adds stability. The building blocks of MTs are dimers of one and one -tubulin subunit. These dimers line up end to end to build protofi laments, which in turn align side by side in a ring shape to form a hollow MT. MAPs he...

Some decompositions of the three-dimensional sphere and three-dimensional ball into Jordan curves are considered. In particular, it is proved that for every strictly positive real number p ≤ 1 there exists a partition of the unit three-dimensional Euclidean sphere into circles whose radii are equal to p. Let S2 be the unit two-dimensional sphere in the Euclidean space R3 and let S3 be the unit ...