Figure 1. The location and density of GPV antigen, CD4 and CD8α molecules in the liver (LI), lung (LU), small intestine (SI), and rectum (R). Geese were humanly killed 5 days post infection by viruses. The protein locations in the different tissues of GPV-infected birds were detected by IHC assay. Positive virus signals were detected, cells positive for CD4 or CD8α antigen appeared dark brown u...

The extinct moa-nalos were very large, flightless waterfowl from the Hawaiian islands. We extracted, amplified and sequenced mitochondrial DNA from fossil moa-nalo bones to determine their systematic relationships and lend insight into their biogeographical history. The closest living relatives of these massive, goose-like birds are the familiar dabbling ducks (tribe Anatini). Moa-nalos, howeve...

Influenza viruses A/duck/Hokkaido/5/77 (Hav7N2), A/budgerigar/Hokkaido/1/77 (Hav4Nav1), A/Kumamoto/22/76 (H3N2), A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2), and A/New Jersey/8/76 (Hsw1N1) were experimentally inoculated into Pekin ducks. Of these, the influenza viruses of duck and budgerigar origin replicated in the intestinal tract of the ducks. The infected ducks shed the virus in the feces to high titers, but did n...

All hepadnaviruses known so far have a very limited host range, restricted to their natural hosts and a few closely related species. This is thought to be due mainly to sequence divergence in the large envelope protein and species-specific differences in host components essential for virus propagation. Here we report an infection of cranes with a novel hepadnavirus, designated CHBV, that has an...

Newcastle disease (ND), caused by virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is a highly contagious disease of birds that is responsible for heavy economic losses for the poultry industry worldwide. However, little is known about host-virus interactions in waterfowl, goose. In this study, we aim to characterize the host immune response in goose, based on the previous reports on the host...

INTRODUCTION We present a case of quail's egg allergy without allergy to chicken's egg. CASE Girl of 10.5 years old who presents anaphylactic reaction after she ate an uncooked quail's egg. She had eaten boiled quail's egg before. She eats chicken's eggs without clinical symptoms. METHODS We made a prick to chicken's egg and prick-by-prick to uncooked quail's and raw chicken's egg. We deter...

References 1. Langeland TA. Clinical and immunological study of allergy to hen’s egg white VI. Occurrence of protein cross-reacting with allergens in hen’s white as studied in egg white from turkey, duck, goose, seagull and in hen egg yolk, and hen and chicken sera and flesh. Allergy 1983;38:399–412. 2. Takahashi K, Horiguchi M, Bando N, Tsuji H, Ogawa T, Asao T. Immunochemical characterization...

Microbial food safety of eggs has not been thoroughly investigated in Egypt. Pseudomonas species are among the most ubiquitous bacteria in the environment that may also contaminate eggs. To investigate the microbial burden of Pseudomonas species in eggs, one hundred composite samples (6 eggs in each) of table hen and duck eggs were prepares after they were collected from different shops and sup...