RNA polymerase III (Pol III) transcribes short RNAs required for cell growth. Under stress conditions, the conserved protein Maf1 rapidly represses Pol III transcription. We report the crystal structure of Maf1 and cryo-electron microscopic structures of Pol III, an active Pol III-DNA-RNA complex, and a repressive Pol III-Maf1 complex. Binding of DNA and RNA causes ordering of the Pol III-speci...

Translesion DNA synthesis is an important branch of the DNA damage tolerance pathway that assures genomic integrity of living organisms. The mechanisms of DNA polymerase (Pol) switches during lesion bypass are not known. Here, we show that the C-terminal domain of the Pol ζ catalytic subunit interacts with accessory subunits of replicative DNA Pol δ. We also show that, unlike other members of t...

Recent genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled high throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) analyses performed in various eukaryotic organisms, analysed RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) pausing around the transcription start sites of genes. In this study we have further investigated genome-wide binding of Pol II downstream of the 3' end of the annotated genes (EAGs) by ChIP-seq in human cells. At ...

The study aimed to determine the above-ground biomass (AGB) of tropical deciduous forests in Central India using field-based techniques and spaceborne quad-pol ALOS PALSAR-2 L-band dual-pol Sentinel 1A C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Field sampling based on 73 forested grids exhibited a diverse forest composition Satpura Tiger Reserve (STR) with total 54 tree species which 31.48% were IU...

within 30–40 min, RNA primers are generated on the Metabolic processes are often orchestrated by the coorlagging strand template every 1–2 s at average intervals dinated action of multiple protein components. Because of 1–2 kb. The elongationof each primer by pol III holoenof the complexity of such enzymatic mechanisms, the zyme takes place at a rate of about 1000 nucleotides participant protei...

Using affinity purification and mass spectrometry, we identified the subunits of Arabidopsis thaliana multisubunit RNA polymerases I and III (abbreviated as Pol I and Pol III), the first analysis of their physical compositions in plants. In all eukaryotes examined to date, AC40 and AC19 subunits are common to Pol I (a.k.a. Pol A) and Pol III (a.k.a. Pol C) and are encoded by single genes. Surpr...

through sites of stalled or blocked DNA replication (repli-cative bypass or translesion DNA synthesis) (Friedberg et al., 1995). However, until recently, understanding exactly how the products of SOS-induced genes modify the replicative machinery to facilitate error-prone transle-sion synthesis has posed a formidable biochemical challenge. Even less was known about how such gene products might ...

Foamy viruses (FV) differ from orthoretroviruses in many aspects of their replication cycle. A major difference is in the mode of Pol expression, regulation, and encapsidation into virions. Orthoretroviruses synthesize Pol as a Gag-Pol fusion protein so that Pol is encapsidated into virus particles through Gag assembly domains. However, as FV express Pol independently of Gag from a spliced mRNA...

Human DNA polymerase (Pol) is a member of the Y family of DNA polymerases. Unlike Pol , another member of this family, which carries out efficient translesion synthesis through various DNA lesions, the role of Pol in lesion bypass has remained unclear. Recent studies, however, have indicated that Pol is a proficient extender of mispaired primer termini on undamaged DNAs and also on cis-syn thym...

amino acid sequence of the bacteriophage RB69 DNA and T. A. Steitz* † ‡ polymerase (gp43), whose structure is reported here, is * Department of Molecular Biophysics and 63% identical to that of its homolog from T4 phage and Biochemistry is similar to the primary structures of several pol ␣ family † Department of Chemistry DNA polymerases (Wang et al., 1995). U-shaped polymerase domain geometry ...