â â â  â â â â â  the aim of this paper is to simulate the effects of some macroeconomic policy tools on production and inflation of iran by the current worldwide financial and real crisis. the theoretical framework of the analysis is based on the so-called ‘imf/world bank integrated model’ which is the synthesis (a merger) of the basic monetary approach of the balance of payments used at t...

a pot experiment laid out in factorial arranged in completely randomized design with three replications was implemented to evaluate the effects of seed priming in ameliorating salinity stress in sesame (sesamum indicam l.) during seedling development and the early vegetative growth. factors included five priming treatments : control (non priming) , hydropriming, halopriming with nacl, kcl , cac...

An experimental study is performed to investigate the fuel impingement on cylinder walls and piston top inside a directinjection spark-ignition engine with optical access to the cylinder. Three different fuels, namely, E85, E50 and gasoline are used in this work. E85 represents a blend of 85 percent ethanol and 15 percent gasoline by volume. Experiments are performed at different load condition...

We compare our model of unsupervised learning of linguistic structures, ADIOS [1, 2, 3], to some recent work in computational linguistics and in grammar theory. Our approach resembles the Construction Grammar in its general philosophy (e.g., in its reliance on structural generalizations rather than on syntax projected by the lexicon, as in the current generative theories), and the Tree Adjoinin...

Monetary policy as a tool for expectations management is believed to be most effective if it can coordinate the beliefs and expectations of the economic agents. The optimal communication policy is in an environment where central bank announcements are common knowledge and abundant information is complete transparency. The above conclusion is altered in the more realistic situation where economi...

Encainide, a class IC antiarrhythmic agent, has been associated with proarrhythmic responses of ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation requiring defibrillation in patients. We examined the short-term effects of intravenous encainide and its two major metabolites, O-demethyl-encainide (ODE) and 3-methoxy-ODE (MODE), on the energy requirements for successful defibrillation in 25 pentobarbital-a...

This paper o¤ers a monetary theory of asset liquidity— one that emphasizes the role of assets in payment arrangements— and it explores the implications of the theory for the relationship between assets’ intrinsic characteristics and liquidity, and the e¤ects of policy on asset prices and welfare. The environment is a random-matching economy where risk-free bonds coexist with a risky asset, equi...

This paper studies the nature of monetary policy with …nancial intermediaries that provide loans for working capital in a cash-in-advance model with indivisible labor. Monetary policy occurs through money injections either directly to families or to …nancial intermediaries. Injections to families produce an in‡ation tax while injections directly to …nancial intermediaries provide an in‡ation su...