The conductances, transference numbers, and activity coefficients of lanthanum chloride, samaric chloride, europic chloride, and ytterbic chloride were determined in order to test the present theories of electrolytic solutions as well as to make available accurate data on these useful properties for the above rare earth chlorides. Disciplines Chemistry This report is available at Iowa State Uni...

Transient grating spectroscopy was applied to measurements of sound velocity and thermal diffusivity in binary mixture solutions of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIm][PF(6)]) along the saturated line of CO(2) at 40 degrees C up to 20.0 MPa. The sound velocity decreased more than 10% by increasing the pressure to 10 MPa, and the pressure effect was...

Abstract: Estimating passive earth pressure accurately is very important when designing retaining wall. Based on the unified strength theory and plane strain assumption, an analytical solution has been developed to determine the passive lateral earth pressure distribution on a retaining structure when the backfill is cohesive and inclined considering the effect of the intermediate principal str...

The diffusion characteristics of Mg–rare-earth diffusion couples were studied. Cylinders of pure Mg and rare earth (Dy, Nd, and Pr) were abutted and annealed at 500 °C for 100 h or 300 h. Point-by-point composition profiles were collected starting in pure Mg, across the diffusion zone, and ending in the pure rare earth, using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy with a scanning electron microsc...

Atomic clocks, masers, and other precision oscillators are likely to be placed on the International Space Station and other satellites in the future. These instruments will have the potential to measure Lorentz-violation coefficients, and in particular may provide access to parts of the Lorentz-violation coefficient space at levels not accessible with Earth-based experiments. The basic issues a...

We review the Floquet theory of linear differential equations with periodic coefficients and discuss its applications to neutrino oscillations in matter of periodically varying density. In particular, we consider parametric resonance in neutrino oscillations which can occur in such media, and discuss implications for oscillations of neutrinos traversing the earth and passing through the earth's...

Wind friction threshold speeds (u,t) for particle movement (saltation) were determined in a wind tunnel operating at martian surface pressure with a 95 percent CO 2 and 5 percent air atmosphere. The relationship between friction speed (u,) and free-stream velocity (%0) is extended to the critical case for Mars of momentum thickness Reynolds numbers (Re0) between 425 and 2000. It is determined t...

Dispersion coefficients for the long-range interactions of the first four excited states of He, i.e., He(2 (1, 3)S) and He(2 (1, 3)P), with the low-lying states of the alkaline earth atoms Mg, Ca, and Sr are calculated by summing over the reduced matrix elements of multipole transition operators.

Large volumes of naturally jointed Precambrian crystalline rock can be stably maintained at pressures considerably above the least principal earth stress in the surrounding rock mass. At Los Alamos National Laboratory’s Fenton Hill hot dry rock (HDR) geothermal test site, tests carried out for a cumulative period of 11 months in the deeper and larger of the two HDR reservoirs showed no evidence...

Earth is the only known planet with subduction zones and plate tectonics, and this fact demonstrates that special conditions are required for this mode of planetary heat loss. Sinking of cold, dense lithosphere in subduction zones is the principal plate-driving force, so plate tectonics could not have begun until Earth cooled sufficiently to allow lithosphere to collapse into the underlying ast...