Inrecent years political scientists and economists have spent considerable efforts investigating the impact of income inequality both on political institutions and social conflict (Boix 2003, 2008; Acemoglu and Robinson 2006; Geddes 2007) and on growth and development (Atkinson andBourguignon 2000). In this article I focus on the latter question: I discuss the extent to which (that is, the cond...

While policy makers widely recognise the fact that education serves as an engine for economic growth through the accumulation of human capital, education is also strongly associated with boosting levels of social capital. Indeed, an important justification for the large expenditures on education within many democratic nations is its social, and not just economic, impact – the benefits an educat...

A key prediction of standard models of economic growth is that the output-capital ratio is constant along the economy’s balanced growth path. Using data for 16 OECD countries over 135 years we examine whether the output-capital ratio reverts to a constant in the long run using univariate and panel stationarity tests with structural breaks. Univariate unit root tests with one and two breaks in t...

urban facilities are necessary components of cities. in all grown and developed cities of the world there are tremendous network of facilities such as water and electric ties, water sewage drainage, water piping and gas piping. that has not been installed in proper depth underground and locations and with growing of the cities and consumption of population. they need to be replaced by excavatin...

Nowadays, it is common practice to distinguish between economic, social and environmental sustainability; all three have to be satisfied to achieve full sustainability. However, in a presentation to the Malaysian International Cocoa Conference in July1, Jan Vingerhoets, Executive Director of the International Cocoa Organization (ICCO) made it clear that he believes economic sustainability to be...

Huang [ Journal of Statistics and Management Systems, Vol. 6 (2003), No. 2, pp. 171-180 ] studied the EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) and EPQ (Economic Production Quantity) models with backlogging and defective items using the algebraic approach. He assumed 100% inspection policy and the known proportion of defective items was removed prior to storage or use after the screening process. In this p...

This article presents a theoretical model for a dynamic system based on sustainable development. Due to the relatively absence of theoretical studies and practical issues in the area of sustainable development, Romania aspires to the principles of sustainable development. Based on the concept as a process in which economic, social, political and natural environment are combined in order to sust...

a rural environment is reflect of the historical practices over the time, mutually feedback of human settle, activities nature and include aesthetic quality, environmental function, local knowledge, tradition and customs. but rapid growth of consuming economy and emphases only on functional character without linkage to different environmental socio-cultural and economic condition led to model o...