there are many approaches in economic literature for investigation of firm performance. in general, those theories very useful for investigation the nature and role of competitive advantage. resource based view, dynamic capability, entrepreneurial theory, neoclassic theory, industrial organization approach are some of those theories. todays, banks try to attract customers through various new me...

punitive damage is a kind of supra-compensatory damage which is awarded in favor of plaintiff in civil actions for punishing the defendant and deterring him from taking action like that in future. the main feature of punitive verdict is deterrence and punishment and in this regard two economic theories exist (optimal deterrence and gain elimination theories). however punitive aspect of this dam...

iran has the longest political relations with russia among other great powers. this relation is resulted from neighborhood, trade, and cultural and racial factors between iran's people with some of the russia’s independent republics. purchasing of weapons by iran and participations of the soviet :union: in economic projects of iran helped the strengthening of the relations between the two ...

one of the most controversial aspects of financial markets is capital market liberalization of course not so liberalization under the rules of governmental severities. based on financial theories there are a number of reasons , that capital flows openness should lead to increases in economic growth. on the other hand most economists believe that the cost of openness outweigh the benefits , such...

The present research tried to study a scientific step toward explaining orders of supreme leader Ayatollah Khamenei about the importance of citizens’ support of national products. The main goal of this research was to study the effective social factors in citizens’ support of national products. Statistical population was 400 persons of Kerman’s people aged more than 15 years old. The theoretica...

most theories of the developmental state assume that industrial transformation requires capable and coherent development bureaucracies that are “autonomous,” in the sense of being insulated from particularistic private interests. these theories however benefit from networks connecting them to relevant private industrial actors. by all scholarly accounts, political factionalism and islamic insti...

the emergence and the development of the economic, social and political institutions of eu, all aimed to boarder and deeper the european integration (ei), are provided a valuable site for the conceptualization of the ei. an understanding of the development of eu studies as an academic sub discipline is best developed through the explanation of theoretical work, past and present. heoretical stud...

The purpose of this paper is to estimate models for retail price of gasoline based on the prediction deriving from the recent infinitely repeated game theories, supergame theories. The prediction implies that both the future changes and the unexpected shock in the economic environment, where firms faces, do have an impact on the current retail price of gasoline. Using monthly time series data o...

Preamble: The paper aims at introducing concepts, theories and policies regarding growth and development. The meaning of development as it has evolved over the years is clarified. The contemporary as well as classic theories of growth, development and underdevelopment are considered in detail. Theories and issues related to population, poverty and human resources are considered. Urban and rural...