This article explores possible mechanisms to explain the known relationships between poverty, undernutrition, underdevelopment and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in developing countries. Poverty is a multidimensional concept. It is both a cause and consequence of undernutrition. The article shows how malnutrition during pregnancy could lead to low birth-weight babies, who are not only at increase...

Since the phenomenon of Imperialism is so important for Africa’s political and economic thought, it to begin by understanding it. What Imperialism? cannot be defined in any generally acceptable way. It means different things people. Let us note some these differences as they appear. Because fruits imperialism- subordinate areas variously called possessions, colonies, protectorates, semi-protect...

Previous attempts to treat corruption arc surveyed critically. A game theory approach is preferred on the grounds that it can most cffcctivcly explain the basis for decisions of reasonable men to bc corrupt. A simple model is presented showing how bribery might be a dominant strategy. A prisoner’s dilemma type of situation emerges with the added complication that the judge and jailer may be cor...

350 7 to 14-year-old students of a special school for children with severe speech and language disorders (SLD) were tested through psychological, neurolinguistic and clinical methods. It was a longitudinal study. During 4-5 years of studying at the special school, the majority of speech and language impairments reduce and communicative skills grow up. But the other students demonstrate regress ...

Consistent with the provocative hypothesis of Engerman and Sokoloff [Engermann, Stanley and Kenneth Sokoloff (1997), “Factor Endowments, Institutions, and Differential Paths of Growth Among New World Economies: A View from Economic Historians of the United States,” in Stephen Haber, ed. How Latin America Fell Behind, Stanford CA: Stanford University Press., Sokoloff, Kenneth L. and Stanley L. E...

When Martial Law was proclaimed on September 21, 1972 a11d a "New Society" brought officially to life, new social forces were set into motion and old social forces distilled into new forms. As some of the old forces died out, others merely split and still others. consolidated or merged with entirely new ones. New contradictions became evident. The problem of constructing adequate analytical dif...

Middle managers play a crucial role in ensuring that the activities inside an enterprise are well-coordinated, that employees act responsively and responsibly, and that the organization continuously generates creative alternatives to grapple with its problems. Further, it is at the middle level that the organization's policies and strategies get translated into decisions and actions. However, i...

In 40 cases, microscopic studies have shown that early rupture of the fetal bladder is explained by anatomical structure membranes, which in such cases present signs either inflammation, degeneration, or underdevelopment their various layers.