OBJECTIVE Before cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) can fulfill its promise as a tool to guide health care allocation decisions, the method of incorporating societal values into CEA may need to be improved. DESIGN The study design was a declarative exposition of potential fallacies in the theoretical underpinnings of CEA. Two values held by many people-preferences for giving priority to severe...

CONTEXT Several varicella vaccines are available worldwide. Countries with a varicella vaccination program use 1- or 2-dose schedules. OBJECTIVE We examined postlicensure estimates of varicella vaccine effectiveness (VE) among healthy children. DATA SOURCES Systematic review and descriptive and meta-analysis of Medline, Embase, Cochrane libraries, and CINAHL databases for reports published ...

This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of a worksite clinic. In-house clinic operational costs were compared to off-site (i.e., community) health care costs during a 1-year time frame. Community cost norms were extracted from statewide databases and adjusted to local costs. Lost productivity costs were based on survey feedback from current clinic users, which included their estimated time a...

environment, but there are also challenges associated with Abstract predicting the effectiveness of these munitions for a wide range of mission scenarios. The single shot Pk numbers The problem of estimating effectiveness of associated with most direct attack munitions are not directly autonomous wide area search munitions will be considered, applicable to wide area search munitions because the...

BACKGROUND To evaluate how much mass screening for prostatic cancer (PC) would benefit the nation economically, cost-effectiveness of PC screening was analyzed. METHODS The cost per life-year saved (cost-effectiveness ratio; CER) was compared between PC screening and other 5 already established cancer screenings in Japan by an analytical simulation model to estimate cost and effectiveness of ...

With the skyrocketing costs of modern health care, many health policy planners turn to cost effective analysis (CEA) or cost benefit analysis (CBA) to get quantitative answers for appropriateness of health procedures. This article analyzes how well approaches like CEA or CBA handle the hidden ethical judgements for such problems as: alternative treatments for an identical goal, the most effec...

This article provides a description of the population model PopMod, which is designed to simulate the health and mortality experience of an arbitrary population subjected to two interacting disease conditions as well as all other “background” causes of death and disability. Among population models with a longitudinal dimension, PopMod is unique in modelling two interacting disease conditions; a...

PURPOSE The aim of this paper is to highlight the contributions that complementary efficacy, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness studies can make to assessing the outcomes of assistive technology interventions for enhancing mobility. METHOD The terms, 'assistive technology outcomes research' and 'assistive technology interventions', are defined. Several bases are examined for the shortage o...

is an economic evaluation tool that can be used to compare two or more programs or interventions. " It seems like a good program, but is it cost-effective? " is a question that is often asked about education programs. This article is designed to provide you with background information on cost-effectiveness analysis that may be helpful when responding to this question in relation to Reading Reco...