The Red recombination system of the bacteriophage lambda is a useful tool for engineering bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) because desired mutations can be made in any part of the DNA, even in large DNAs, independent of the presence of appropriate restriction enzyme sites. Many have tried changing the inducible promoter or decreasing the copy number of Red genes in Escherichia coli to im...

This paper provides a normative theory of partially illiquid bonds jointly with optimal monetary policy. The model has a centralized asset market and a decentralized goods market. Individuals face matching shocks which affect the marginal utility of consumption and which they cannot insure, borrow or trade assets against. The government imposes a legal restriction to prohibit nominal bonds from...

Design optimisation of electrical machines, in particular permanent magnet synchronous disc motors, is very important, but quite a complicated problem. A reasonably simplified form of the design procedure may be attacked by various approaches accumulated into two main topics; classical optimisation techniques (deterministic methods) or genetic algorithms (stochastic methods). Genetic algorithm ...

Classical Multi Wavelength Optical Orthogonal Code (MWOOC) constructions impose several conditions on the code parameters. These limit the Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) system potentialities in terms of performance and practical implementation. In this paper, a modified MWOOC construction is used to overcome these limitations. Indeed, this method permits designing 2D codes with ...

This work presents a dynamic gate bias circuit for bias control to maximize power added efficiency based on the class-A two-stage power amplifier. The proposed circuits are composed of two NMOS transistors, a capacitor for coupling RF input signal, and four resistors for bias. The circuit is implemented by means of the bias control at the two-stage power amplifier to improve the overall power a...

A previous study proposes a model for improving efficiency under the data envelopment analysis structure when inputs and outputs are not allowed to adjust at wish. One problem associated with that model is that numerical difficulty may arise in variable substitution when some variables are zero or very small. To solve this problem, this paper builds a model from a dual point of view. The model ...

This article deals with efficiency improvement and how to identify appropriate benchmarks for inefficient firms to imitate. We argue that the most relevant benchmark is the most similar efficient firm. Having interpreted similarity in terms of input endowments, the problem reduces to find the closest reference firm on the efficient subset of the isoquant. To such an end, we introduce the concep...

Net feed conversion efficiency (NFCE) describes whether an animal eats more or less feed than expected for its size and growth rate. Early results from the Trangie NFCE Project, and from the Beef CRC, show that considerable variation in NFCE exists within each of the British breeds tested and is moderately heritable. Estimates of heritability for average daily gain, 365-day weight, feed intake,...

In a compressor the existence of the clearance volume is inevitable, even rolling piston compressor is a kind of compact structure compressor, overflow is a method to decrease the effect of clearance volume. In this paper, the overflow design on a rolling piston rotary compressor is discussed, which uses the high-pressure gas in the clearance volume, and discuss its effect on the performance of...

Efficiency-Improvement Techniques Ref: Law and Kelton, Chapter 11 1. Variance Reduction and Efficiency Improvement The techniques that we will look at typically are designed to reduce the variance of the estimator for the performance measure that we are trying to estimate via simulation. (Reduction of the variance leads to narrower confidence intervals, and hence less computational effort is re...