l-Glutamate is one of the most important neurotransmitters in the mammalian central nervous system, playing a vital role in many physiological processes and implicated in several neurological disorders, for which monitoring of dynamic levels of extracellular glutamate in the living brain tissues may contribute to medical understanding and treatments. Electrochemical sensing of glutamate has bee...

Laser scribing is a technique that converts carbon-rich precursors into 3D-graphene nanomaterial via direct, single-step, and maskless laser writing in environmental conditions using scalable approach. It allows simple, fast, reagentless production of promising material with outstanding physicochemical features to create novel electrochemical sensors biosensors. This review addresses different ...

Sixty years have passed since Clark proposed the concept of glucose enzyme electrodes. Herein, we review major advances in such analyses based on electrochemical sensor systems over past three decades that paved way to leading role wearable sensing for non-invasive real-time chemical monitoring. These developments chemically modified electrodes, solid-contact potentiometric sensors, printable d...