The Auditory Steady-State Response (ASSR) was recorded in 20 awake adults with normal hearing on ten EEG channels simultaneously to find derivations with the best signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). Stimuli were 20% frequency modulated tones of 0.5 and 2 kHz at 20 dB SL, 100% amplitude modulated at 90 or 94 Hz, and presented one at a time to one ear. ASSR recordings using a set of at least three cha...

1. A continuously recording glass electrode apparatus has been described for measuring carbon dioxide concentration changes in solution. The limits of applicability of the apparatus have been analyzed. 2. The glass electrode apparatus has been used for the measurement of transient rates of photosynthesis by algal suspensions. 3. The decline of the photosynthetic rate in high light at carbon dio...

This article reports the use of commercial, flexible printed circuit technology for the fabrication of low-cost microelectrode arrays (MEAs) for recording extracellular electrical signals from cardiomyocyte cultures. A 36-electrode array has been designed and manufactured using standard, two-layer, polyimide-based flexible circuit technology, with electrode diameters of 75 and 100 m. Copper str...

Recording a neural ensemble has been an extremely successful experimental paradigm allowing real-time interpretation of neural codes as well as the detection of dynamic changes within a process. In recent years, microfabricated electrodes have attracted a great deal of attention for recording neural ensembles with superior resolution and spatial density. A 3D microfabricated electrode is partic...

Our researches are aimed to determine the amplitude of the recorded electrocardiograph waves by means of three leads systems (two systems found in the scientific literature, and a leads system imagined by us), of a dairy cow. To this end, there were recorded electrocardiograms on group of 20 dairy cows and then the electrocardiograms were interpreted by calculating the amplitudes of the waves P...

While the signal quality of recording neural electrodes is observed to degrade over time, the degradation mechanisms are complex and less easily observable. Recording microelectrodes failures are attributed to different biological factors such as tissue encapsulation, immune response, and disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and non-biological factors such as strain due to micromotion, insul...

Du J, Riedel-Kruse IH, Nawroth JC, Roukes ML, Laurent G, Masmanidis SC. High-resolution three-dimensional extracellular recording of neuronal activity with microfabricated electrode arrays. J Neurophysiol 101: 1671–1678, 2009. First published December 17, 2008; doi:10.1152/jn.90992.2008. Microelectrode array recordings of neuronal activity present significant opportunities for studying the brai...

Microelectrode recording (MER) is an important navigational and investigational tool, specifically with regard to deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. MER is often utilized when targeting the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and other deep brain nuclei in the management of Parkinson's disease (PD), tremor, dystonia and other emerging applications. Microelectrodes are used to detect and measure cellul...