Plasma aldosterone, sodium (Na) and potassium (K) concentrations, daily Na and K intakes, and urinary and faecal excretion were measured during the first week of postnatal life in 9 lambs naturally born at term (145 days of gestation) and in 10 lambs delivered by caesarean section on day 145 (6 lambs) or on day 139 (4 lambs) of gestation. Plasma aldosterone, Na and K concentrations showed no si...

Several large well-designed clinical trials have shown that the use of diuretics is beneficial in patients with hypertension. However, similarly robust data regarding their role in chronic heart failure are lacking. Historically, diuretics were developed for treatment of sodium and water retention in oedematous disorders and clinically, they remain the most potent drugs available to relieve sym...

OBJECTIVE Fluid redistribution (FR) is an important cornerstone in treating diseases. Findings of FR with periodic head down tilt (PHDT) had sparked renewed interest in treating electrolyte disturbances. Therefore this study aimed to determine the potential benefits of potassium (K+) deposition with periodic FR by PHDT during diminished muscular activity (hypokinesia; HK). METHODS Studies wer...

Atria from dystrophic and non-dystrophic mice were examined by light and electron microscopy. Particular attention was paid to the granularity of the specific atrial granules and the development of the Golgi apparatus. At the light microscopic level, both a decrease in number and degenerative changes were recognized in the atrial cardiocytes, which were intercalated by increased connective and ...

Stroke is the leading cause of mortality world wide. The most common complications of mannitol therapy are fluid and electrolyte imbalances. In the present study 25 patients of stroke and 25 healthy individuals were taken as controls. Serum sodium and Serum potassium were estimated by flame photometer. Hyponatremia was seen on first day of admission before giving mannitol as compared to control...

Holstein bullocks were used in this study to compare the effectiveness of five commercial parenteral fluids (saline IS, Hartmann's IH, 5%-glucose 5G, Ringers IR, and 1/2 Ringer's and 2.5% glucose combination solutions RG) in correcting the disturbances associated with dehydration induced by fasting for 48 hr. These five commercial fluids (30 ml/kg) were given to bullocks with dehydration induce...

Electrocardiography (ECG) is one of the non-invasive, inexpensive diagnostic techniques to detect the spread of the cardiac impulses. The electrocardiographic parameters have the greatest value in recognizing and diagnosing arrhythmias in animals. Different disease conditions lead to changes in the electrolyte balance [1]. The majority of arrhythmias and conduction disturbances can be detected ...

OBJECTIVE The evidence on whether there is work stress related dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is equivocal. This study assessed the relation between work stress and diurnal cortisol rhythm in a large-scale occupational cohort, the Whitehall II study. METHODS Work stress was assessed in two ways, using the job-demand-control (JDC) and the effort-reward-imbalance (ERI)...

Hyperchloremia is a common electrolyte disorder that is associated with a diverse group of clinical conditions. The kidney plays an important role in the regulation of chloride concentration through a variety of transporters that are present along the nephron. Nevertheless, hyperchloremia can occur when water losses exceed sodium and chloride losses, when the capacity to handle excessive chlori...

THE purpose of this study is to correlate changes observed in the electrocardiogram with varying concentrations of serum potassium in commonly encountered clinical conditions. There has been much discussion and some disagreement in the literature concerning electrocardiographic criteria for hypokalemia. Many studies have dealt with the combination of 2 decidedly different aspects of hypokalemic...