Before the 2015/2016 experimental campaign, the ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) 2-strap ICRF antennas with tungsten-coated limiters were replaced by 3-strap antennas. The main goal of the 3-strap launcher was to reduce the release of tungsten (W) in order to improve the ICRF operation, which appeared to be troublesome after the all-W wall installation [1]. In this paper, we analyse the behaviour of the 3-s...

Several proposals exist for human Mars mission architectures. An important question to resolve is determine the most appropriate size of launcher minimize costs, without compromising with risks, efficiency and future developments. Strategic choices are proposed. A fundamental choice direct surface option, one that greatly simplifies architecture avoids a complex costly LEO assembly giant vehicl...

In this study, the efficiencies of seed priming with electromagnetic field (0, 2, 4, and 6 mT; 30 minutes daily for 3 days) were investigated in Salvia nemorosa. The exposure to electromagnetic filed led to significant increases in biomass accumulation (mean=53.6 %). Electromagnetic filed treatments significantly increased K, Ca, Mg, and Fe contents in leaves by mean 39.5 %. The electromagnetic...

The subject of this paper is the study of singular arcs (i.e. with a non maximal thrust) for a space launcher problem. We consider a flight to the GTO orbit for a heavy multi-stage launcher (Ariane 5 class), and use a realistic physical model for the drag force and rocket thrust. As a preliminary result, we first solve the complete flight with stage separations, at full thrust. Then we focus on...

JAXA, CNES and DLR have decided to join their force develop fly a scaled reusable VTVL rocket stage called CALLISTO (Cooperative Action Leading Launcher Innovation in Stage Toss - back Operations). This vehicle will pave the way for future launch vehicles. One of its main goals is demonstrate mastering key techniques technologies that be needed later by operational Indeed frame numerous challen...

NASA’s human lunar and Mars exploration program requires a new transportation system between Earth and the Moon or Mars. In recent years, unfortunately, human space exploration programs have faced myriad political, technical, and financial difficulties. In order to avoid such problems, future human space exploration programs should be designed from the start for affordability. This thesis addre...