[1] Transformation processes in the euphotic and mesopelagic zones are of crucial importance to the biological pump and global elemental cycles. In this study, elemental stoichiometries and chemical compositions of particulate and dissolved organic matter (DOM) were investigated in the euphotic and upper mesopelagic zones of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The distributions of bacterial bio...

The mass absorption efficiency (MAE) of elemental carbon (EC) in Beijing was quantified using a thermaloptical carbon analyzer. The MAE measured at 632 nm was 8.45±1.71 and 9.41±1.92 m2 g−1 during winter and summer respectively. The daily variation of MAE was found to coincide with the abundance of organic carbon (OC), especially the OC to EC ratio, perhaps due to the enhancement by coating wit...

Ultrafine particles (UFPs; aerodynamic diameter < 100 nm) may contribute to the respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with particulate air pollution. We tested the hypothesis that inhalation of carbon UFPs has vascular effects in healthy and asthmatic subjects, detectable as alterations in blood leukocyte expression of adhesion molecules. Healthy subjects inhaled fil...

The competition between the addition of polar, oxygen-containing functional groups (functionalization) and the cleavage of C-C bonds (fragmentation) has a governing influence on the change in volatility of organic species upon atmospheric oxidation, and hence on the loading of tropospheric organic aerosol. However the relative importance of these two channels is generally poorly constrained for...

Personal 8-h shift exposure to respirable dust, diesel engine exhaust emissions (DEEE) (as respirable elemental carbon), and respirable crystalline silica of workers involved in constructing an underground metro railway tunnel was assessed. Black carbon (BC) concentrations were also assessed using a MicroAeth AE51. During sprayed concrete lining (SCL) activities in the tunnel, the geometric mea...

To determine the levels and variations of carbonaceous aerosol in Hong Kong, PM2.5 and PM10 samples were collected by high volume (Hi-vol) samplers at three monitoring stations (representing middle-scale roadside, urban-, and regional-scale environments) during winter (November 2000 to February 2001) and summer (June 2001 to August 2001) periods. The highest concentrations of organic carbon (OC...

The authors address an important and underappreciated issue: the effect of mineral dust, more precisely inorganic carbonatic carbon, on black and elemental carbon measurements. The authors present some data on this, but the issue is in the current state of the manuscript not discussed thoroughly enough. Secondly, the authors discuss the role of catchment area influx of BC to lake sediment recor...

On the isolation of elemental carbon for micro-molar C accelerator mass spectrometry; evaluation of alternative isolation procedures, and accuracy assurance using a hybrid isotopic particulate carbon reference material L. A. Currie and J. D. Kessler National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA now at: Department of Earth System Science, University of California Ir...

The complexes between l-aspartic acid and metals of lanthanide series (La 3+ , Pr 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ ) have been prepared and characterized using a variety of techniques including, infrared spectroscopy, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, elemental analysis and metal contents. The sought metal effect on the electronic environment of the chiral carbon and its neighbouring atoms was observed in case of Europium ...

We report the formation of carbyne polysulfide by coheating carbon containing carbyne moieties and elemental sulfur. The product is proved to have a sp2 hybrid carbon skeleton with polysulfide attached on it. The electrochemical performance of carbyne polysulfide as a novel cathode material for rechargeable magnesium batteries is firstly investigated. The material exhibits a high discharge capa...