<span>In second or foreign language learning, attitudinal factors were one of the key that determine success and achievement. In Indonesia, (English) has been taught since elementary school, however research showed most Indonesian learners in English unsatisfactorily result. This aimed at disclosing students’ learning by exploring their first experience language. qualitative study employe...

This paper reports our approaches and efforts for developing communication robots for elementary schools. In particular, we describe the fundamental mechanism of the interactive humanoid robot, Robovie, for interacting with multiple persons, maintaining relationships, and estimating social relationships among children. The developed robot Robovie was applied for two field experiments at element...

Elementary school students in Taiwan started to learn English as a required course at Grade 5 in 2001. And in no later than 2005, elementary school students will start their English course at Grade 3 as the latest policy of Ministry of Education. To achieve the ultimate goals identified in the Nine Year Integrated Curriculum, this proposed Principal Project aims to collaborate with the other fo...

The current study aimed to estimate the cost associated with special education among children (5 to 14 years) with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) in elementary and middle school by sex, age group, and province and territory in Canada. It was estimated that there were 6,520 students with FASD receiving special education in Canada in 2011-2012. The cost of special education among these st...

BACKGROUND School health education can effectively help reduce the prevalence of health-risk behaviors among students and have a positive influence on students' academic performance. This article describes the characteristics of school health education policies and programs in the United States at the state, district, school, and classroom levels. METHODS The Centers for Disease Control and P...

Content Analysis of Elementary School Textbooks in Terms of Covering Renewable Energy Sources     E. Saalehi Omraan, Ph.D.* M. Aabedini Beltork, Ph.D.** G. Mehralitabaar Firoozjaa’i***   The world is facing an energy crisis brought about by the ever increasing consumption of fossil fuels that leads to pollution and health problems. The renewable clean energies must b...

BACKGROUND Decomposition of socioeconomic inequalities in life expectancy by ages and causes allow us to better understand the nature of socioeconomic mortality inequalities and to suggest priority areas for policy and intervention. This study aimed to quantify age- and cause-specific contributions to socioeconomic differences in life expectancy at age 25 by educational level among South Korean...

OBJECTIVES The aim was to analyse if young students could be substantive participants in a healthpromoting school project. The specific aims were to analyse the changes the students proposed in their school environment, how these changes were prioritized by a school health committee and to discuss the students' proposals and the changes from a health and gender perspective. STUDY DESIGN An in...

BACKGROUND Menstruation is a significant part of women's lives. It has been studied from many perspectives to draw various conclusions about biological and physiological development, gender differences, and sociocultural environments. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore how male and female pubescent students perceive and interpret menarche and menstruation and how their perceptio...