BACKGROUND Atherogenic effects of ELF-MF exposure have not been studied well so far. Therefore we have hypothesized that ELF-MF exposure might have atherogenic effect by impairing antioxidant function and increasing lipid peroxidation. This study was therefore undertaken to examine the effects of ELF-MF on paraoxonase (PON) activity, antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation metabolites. Effe...

This article reports the application of a recently proposed formalism of domain averaged Fermi holes to the problem of the localization of electron pairs in electron localization function (ELF) domains and its possible implications for the electron pair model of chemical bond. The main focus was on the systems, such as H2O or N2, in which the "unphysical" population of ELF domains makes the par...

This study assessed exposure to extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields of welders and other metal workers and compared exposure from different welding processes. Exposure to ELF magnetic fields was measured for 50 workers selected from a nationwide cohort of metal workers and 15 nonrandomly selected full-time welders in a shipyard. The measurements were carried out with personal exposure...

[1] ELF/VLF radio waves (300 Hz–30 kHz) are difficult to generate with practical antennae, because of their extraordinarily long (10–1000 km) wavelengths, and the lossy nature of the Earth’s surface at these frequencies. ELF/VLF waves have been successfully generated via amplitude modulated (AM) HF (2–10 MHz) heating of the lower ionosphere. Through the temperature-dependent conductivity of the...

Extremely Low Frequency Electric (ELF-EF) and Magnetic Field (ELF-MF) exposure is caused by different types of sources, from those related to the production, transmission, distribution electric currents, technologies common use, such as domestic appliances or transportation. Establishing levels for general public a fundamental step in health risk management process but could be challenging due ...

I read with interest the report by Lodise and colleagues on the penetration of meropenem into the epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of 17 patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) (6). Briefly, they report a median penetration rate of meropenem into ELF of 25.4%, but Monte Carlo simulations predict an enormous variability (25th to 75th percentiles, 9.0 to 70.14%; 10th to 90th percentiles,...

The real and imaginary parts of the complex refractive index of SixNyHz have been calculated from first principles. Optical spectra for reflectivity, absorption coefficient, energy-loss function (ELF), and refractive index were obtained. The results for Si3N4 are in agreement with the available theoretical and experimental results. To understand the electron energy loss mechanism in Si-rich sil...

The exhaled breath condensate (EBC) approach provides a convenient and noninvasive approach for sampling the pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (ELF). Increased EBC concentrations of more than a dozen inflammatory markers and hydrogen ions have been reported in lung diseases associated with inflammation. However, the usefulness of EBC is compromised by uncertainties concerning the sources of the...

The present cytogenetic study was conducted on subjects occupationally exposed to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF–EMF), whereby Chromosomal Aberrations (CAs) and Sister Chromatid Exchange (SCE) frequencies were premeditated. These subjects were electric substation attendants, electric arc welders and individuals working in the vicinity of electric distribution point (DP) tra...

The electron localization function (ELF) and experimental and theoretical deformation electron density maps are compared for several earth materials and one representative molecule. The number and arrangement of the localized one-electron probability density domains generated in a mapping of the ELF correspond to the number and arrangement of the localized electron density domains generated in ...