CHEST, 74: 6, DECEMBER, 1978 to an evaluation of whether those who sought medical help fared any differently from those who did not. In our view, scientific evaluation of the usefulness of detecting high-risk individuals is the next step, an evaluation which is no less a “therapeutic trial” than the large-scale trials of drugs today that are conducted with the precision which comes from good ex...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The advent of modern neuroendovascular techniques has highlighted the need for a simple, effective, and reliable brain arteriovenous malformation endovascular grading scale. A novel scale of this type has recently been described. It incorporates the number of feeding arteries, eloquence, and the presence of an arteriovenous fistula component. Our aim is to assess the vali...

BACKGROUND Acquired deficits following glioma resection may not only occur due to accidental resection of normal brain tissue. The possible importance of ischemic injuries in causing neurological deficits after brain tumor surgery is not much studied. We aimed to study the volume and frequency of early postoperative circulatory changes (i.e. infarctions) detected by diffusion weighted resonance...

BACKGROUND Anatomic diversity among cerebellar arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) calls for a classification that is intuitive and surgically informative. Selection tools like the Spetzler-Martin grading system are designed to work best with cerebral AVMs but have shortcomings with cerebellar AVMs. OBJECTIVE To define subtypes of cerebellar AVMs that clarify anatomy and surgical management, t...

On June 14, 1940, a small group of physicians and public health workerst met informally to discuss a subject in which all were interested,-the next steps in preventive medicine and health promotion. No formal report was adopted; but the following paragraphs have been based on stenographic notes of the discussion, condensed or expanded where necessary for clarity. The participants have agreed to...

“D and fables I fashion,” wrote 18th-century Italian poet and librettist Pietro Metastasio, “and even while I sketch elaborate fables and dreams upon paper ... I so enter into them that I weep and am offended at ills I invented” (1). Metastasio might have been describing the work of his contemporary Giambattista Tiepolo, whose art blended history, mythology, legend, and scripture in a grand man...

N THIS SPECIAL OCCASION of the Tercentenary, I am especially delighted to speak in honor of a polymath and an American icon, Benjamin Franklin (fig. 1). Since his death in 1790, Franklin has been revered, memorialized, and made into an educational, financial, and political icon. Through his collective work this sage has climbed to the apex of human endeavor in the sciences, public service, and ...

reaching a considerable growth in terms of rhetoric, eloquence, and semantic richness of words or terms, the arabic language was ready in the pre-islamic period to receive the divine revelation. on the other hand, the qur’an (as the word of allah) with its sublime meanings and boundless scientific facts had to be revealed in the arabic language in such a way that it would succeed in duly commun...

i had an opportunity to translate the two most famous letters of imam ‘alī (a.s.) in nahj al-balāghah (peak of eloquence), the famous collection of the preaching and letters of imam ‘alī and one of the most sacred books of shia islam after the qur‘an, from arabic into japanese. one of them is his letter to imam ḥasan, his eldest son and the second imam, and the other is an appointment letter to...