Aims. To assess the concentrations of serum CXCL13 and intrarenal ectopic lymphoid tissue (ELT) profiles and their correlation in the patients with lupus nephritis (LN). Methods. Serum CXCL13 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The expression of CD3, CD20, and CD21 in renal biopsy specimens was tested using immunohistochemical methods. Results. Serum CXCL13 le...

OBJECTIVES To report on the changes in fibrinolytic activity in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected pregnant women who are undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). METHODS Blood was collected from 50 HIV positive women on HAART (test subjects), and 50 HIV positive women not on HAART (controls). These women were attending the prevention of mother to child clinic (PMTCT)...

The Notch signaling pathway is involved in a wide variety of cell-fate decisions during development. The diverse behavior of Notch-activated cells is thought to depend on tissue- or cell-type-specific transcription factors, yet the identities of such factors and the mechanism of cooperation with the Notch pathway are largely unknown. We identify here an enhancer in the promoter of ref-1, a C. e...

This paper argues that it would be useful for ergonomists and experienced English Language Teaching (ELT) professionals to collaborate as this would be of substantial interest to both sets of professionals. The ongoing debate in ELT on International English (IE) might usefully help to guide ergonomists if and when they require to judge that English is used at appropriately high levels in the wo...

this writing may be of interest to those involved in content and language instruction in bilingual education, immersion, and esl programs, to those who believe that the mainstream elt has focused on how well learners learn and teachers teach, and almost overlooked the equally important question of how well learners learn to use it for learning. this writing is, more specifically, to be of inter...

the present paper seeks to investigate the cognitive abilities of expert efl teachers. to this aim, the existing literature was examined and ten cognitive themes were derived which were further investigated through interviews conducted with ten academics, teacher trainers and exemplary teachers of the field in the iranian context. the ten extracted themes were attested by interviewees’ comments...

The present study was an attempt to refine a qualitatively proposed model of ELT discipline-specific reading strategies to provide a better interpretation of qualitative findings. Hence, in line with the components of the previous model, that is, 6 factors and 32 categories, a 6-hypothetical factor and a 33-item questionnaire were considered in the design of the ELT discipline-specific question...

Abstract This paper explores agency in a collectivist culture to investigate whether, and if so how, school-children experience as supportive learning speak English the classroom of culture. It draws on Ryan Deci’s (2019) Self-Determination Theory (SDT) examine nine primary classrooms three schools Alexandria, Arab Republic Egypt. The research involved 281 primary-school-children who completed ...

Language is the fundamental trait of human beings through which they communicate with each other. Every language has four primary skills language: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Listening reading are considered receptive skills, whereas speaking writing regarded as productive skills. An individual to get mastery over all command on any language. Textbooks significant sources educate...

This paper develops a new approach to the adaptive line enhancement (ALE) of the emergency locator transmitter (ELT) signal where the input signal to the ALE is replaced by its autocorrelation function. This approach is related to the signal processing using Higher Order Statistics (HOS) of the signal recently introduced. The paper also compares the results of using the new approach with other ...