This paper provides a defense of the description theory of proper names by constructing a ‘two-component’ theory of names. Using Kripke’s puzzle about belief as the stepping stone, this paper first points out problems with Kripke’s direct reference theory of names. It then presents the two-component theory of names and defends it against Kripke’s general criticisms of the description theory. It...

Bilingual lexicons of proper names play a vital role in machine translation and cross-language information retrieval. Word alignment approaches are generally used to construct bilingual lexicons automatically from parallel corpora. Aligning proper names is a task particularly difficult when the source and target languages of the parallel corpus do not share a same written script. We present in ...

The article explores the use of proper names as a source wordplay in classroom bilingual interaction English second language. It is noted that becomes means accommodation to onomastic system foreign language when trigger metalinguistic reflection. author emphasizes process deliberate deviation from norms which name standard unit (‘normema’) undergoes linguistic reinterpretation and turns into n...

In this paper we present several optimizations introduced to Conditional Random Fields-based model for proper names recognition in Polish running texts. The proposed optimizations refer to word-level segmentation problems, gazetteers incompleteness, problem of unambiguous generalization features, feature construction and selection, and finally recognition of common proper names on the basis of ...

Tagging and extracting proper names is an important key for improving the effectiveness of questionanswering systems. The valuable information in the text usually is located around proper names, to collect this information it should be found first. By extracting proper names from the text we provide questionanswering systems with both the proper name found in the text, some information about it...