A comprehensive methodology that takes into account alloy solidification, shrinkage-driven interdendritic fluid flow, hydrogen precipitation, and porosity evolution has been developed for the prediction of microporosity fraction in aluminum A356 alloy castings. The mathematical models presented are implemented in a computational framework consistent with those of commercial casting codes, allow...

I employ the van der Waals theory of Baus and co-workers to analyze the fast, adiabatic decay of a supercooled liquid in a closed vessel with which the solidification process usually starts. By imposing a further constraint on either the system volume or pressure, I use the maximum-entropy method to quantify the fraction of liquid that is transformed into solid as a function of undercooling and...

This paper presents a new system to control secondary cooling water sprays in continuous casting of thin steel slabs, CONONLINE. It uses real-time numerical simulation of heat transfer and solidification within the strand as a software sensor, in place of unreliable temperature measurements. The one-dimensional finite-difference model, CON1D is adapted to create the real-time predictor of the s...

The vast majority of steel weld deposits solidify under highly nonequilibrium cooling conditions. A consequence of this is the chemical segregation of substitutional alloying elements during solidification, a segregation that persists as the weld cools to ambient temperature. Solidification-induced segregation of interstitials is usually not a problem due to the ease with which they can diffuse...

Frankfurters are the most popular comminuted products in the US and account for the 25% of all sausages sold (NHDSC, 2006). Base on an average cooking loss (weight, %) of 2.64 (optimum chopping conditions), the estimated economic loss resulting from non optimum emulsion stability during the cooking process was estimated to range between 0.2 and 1.65 billion dollar per year (only in the US). A n...

This paper proposes a method for fabricating suspended micro/nanoscale polymer fibers continuously, in which polymeric micro/nanofibers are formed by drawing and solidification of a viscous liquid polymer solution which is pumped through a glass micropipette. By controlling the drawing parameters, this method is demonstrated to form networks of suspended fibers having amorphous internal structu...

Methods 1. Quick's Method.-The method in use in this laboratory has been basically that of Quick, StanleyBrown, and Bancroft (1935), as modified later by Quick himself and others (Biggs and Macfarlane, 1949). In this method a fresh saline emulsion is prepared daily from a stock of acetone-dried human brain powder, which is kept stored in a vacuum desiccator at 40 C. 2. Toohey's Method.-This met...

1. I have simplified the dilution method by using a stock glycerine emulsion of the virulent cord, from which the desired dilutions can be readily prepared. The proportion of glycerine should not exceed (1/5) part, if it is desired to retain the full virulence of the emulsion. 2. There is some danger of giving rabies to animals in the dilution immunization treatment, a danger which is not prese...

A solidification processing approach to the refinement of lead-tellurium-antimony alloy microstructure is described. Liquid alloys with eutectic, hyper-eutectic and hypo-eutectic compositions (relative to lead) were cooled to the solid state in three distinct ways, i.e. by water quenching, air cooling and furnace cooling. The structures of the alloys resulting from the three different solidific...