Intracellular lipid-binding proteins (LBPs) impact fatty acid homeostasis in various ways, including fatty acid transport into mitochondria. However, the physiological consequences caused by mutations in genes encoding LBPs remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we explore the metabolic consequences of lbp-5 gene deficiency in terms of energy homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans. In addition to...

Among the major physiological functions of steroid hormones is regulation of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism. Mitochondria, through oxidative phosphorylation, play a critical role in modulating a host of complex cellular metabolic pathways to produce chemical energy to meet the metabolic demand for cellular function. Thus, androgens may regulate cellular metabolism and energy producti...

Jejunal biopsies from 20 well nourished children (average age 12.8 months) with gastroenteritis, and 20 children (average age 20 months) with protein-energy malnutrition were examined by immunofluorescent technique for immunoglobulins A, G, M, E, and D, and for epithelial glycoprotein secretory component. Compared with previous studies on normal infants, the children with gastroenteritis showed...

Vitamin B3 occurs in two forms, nicotinamide and nicotinic acid. They were first isolated from liver in 1937 by Conrad El-vehjem and shown to be what was then called the PP factor or pellagra preventative factor. The name was later changed to vitamin B3, commonly called niacin for the nicotinic acid form and niacinamide for the amide form. Soon after, a synopsis of the early research on the com...

We report a rare case of acquired vitamin K deficiency presenting with severe menorrhagia and without any gynecological problem. Partial thromboplastin time (59.2 seconds) and prothrombin time (33.1 seconds, INR: 5.97) were considerably prolonged in laboratory evaluations. A complete coagulation factor assay test was performed for the patient: factor IX, 24%; factor II, 41%; factor VII, 3%; and...

The aim of the present work was to further explore the physiological roles of muscle-derived IL-6. Adult-floxed and conditional skeletal muscle IL-6 knock out male and female mice were used to study energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry at rest and during treadmill exercise, and body temperature cycle during the light phase) and energy intake (response to fast/refeeding). We also evaluated t...

Acyl coenzyme A:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) is one of two known DGAT enzymes that catalyze the final step in mammalian triglyceride synthesis. DGAT1-deficient mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity through a mechanism involving increased energy expenditure. Here we show that these mice have decreased levels of tissue triglycerides, as well as increased sensitivity to insulin an...

Glucose-6-phosphatase-β (G6Pase-β or G6PC3) deficiency, also known as severe congenital neutropenia syndrome 4, is characterized not only by neutropenia but also by impaired neutrophil energy homeostasis and functionality. We now show the syndrome is also associated with macrophage dysfunction, with murine G6pc3(-/-) macrophages having impairments in their respiratory burst, chemotaxis, calcium...

Magnesium participates in almost all phosphorylating enzyme systems of the animal body, and it is to be expected therefore that when animals are deprived of dietary magnesium abnormalities of intermediary energy transfer would result. Indeed, some of the signs of Mg deficiency are similar to those of thiamine deficiency, in which abnormalities of carbohydrate metabolism are known to occur. The ...

non:union: is common complication of fracture management. various factors are involved in its occurring. metabolic and endocrine factors are often overlooked. so that aim of study was to evaluate the level of vitamin d and pth in patients with unexplained non:union: and fractures due to low energy trauma. in the case control study, 30 patients with tibial non:union: compared with 32 patients wi...