In this Paper the potential of multi-temporal PolSARdata for soil surface roughness estimation is investigated. The study utilizes microwave backscatter collected from the Demmin test-site in the North-East Germany during the whole agri-phenological cycle in 2006 using quad-pol L-Band SLC E-SAR data. For ground truthing soil surface roughness were measured using photogrammetric imaging techniqu...

The ability to measure terrain roughness is essential for safe and e cient navigation of outdoor mobile robots. This paper describes a prototype system consisting of a colour camera and a laser stripe generator for the measurement of ground surface roughness. With outdoor mobile robotic applications in mind, the system provides a cheap, fast and robust alternative to other methods of roughness ...

The properties of the double layer capacity on rough electrodes are discussed in terms of the recently developed linear Poisson-Boltzmann theory [L. I. Daikhin, A. A. Kornyshev, M. Urbakh, Phys. Rev. E 53, 6192 (1996)]. This theory offers a concept of a “Debye-length K dependent roughness factor”, ie roughness function, which determines the deviation of capacitance from the Gouy-Chapman result ...

Our tactual perception of roughness is independent of the manner in which we touch the surface. A brick surface feels rough no matter how slowly or how rapidly we move our fingers, despite the fluctuating sensory inputs that are transmitted to the finger. Current theories of roughness perception rely solely on inputs from the cutaneous afferents, which are highly affected by scan velocity and f...

For decades, the dominant theory of roughness coding in the somatosensory nerves posited that perceived roughness was determined by the spatial pattern of activation in one population of tactile nerve fibers, namely slowly adapting type 1 (SA1) afferents. Indeed, the perceived roughness of coarsely textured surfaces tracks the spatial variation in SA1 responses - the degree to which response st...

Hydrophobic surfaces with microscale roughness can be rendered ultrahydrophobic by the addition of sub-micron scale roughness. A simple yet highly effective concept of fabricating hierarchical structured surfaces using a single-step deep reactive ion etch process is proposed. Using this method the complexities generally associated with fabrication of two-tier roughness structures are eliminated...

The paper presents an experimental study of roughness characteristics of surface profile generated in CNC turning of AISI 1040 mild steel and optimization of machining parameters based on genetic algorithm. The three level rotatable central composite designs are employed for developing mathematical models for predicting surface roughness parameters. Response surface methodology is applied succe...

We present maps of the topographic roughness of the Moon at hectometer and kilometer scales. The maps are derived from range profiles obtained by the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) instrument onboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) spacecraft. As roughness measures, we used the interquartile range of profile curvature at several baselines, from 115 m to 1.8 km, and plotted these in...

In previous work, we examined how the apparent roughness of a textured surface changed with direction of illumination. We found that observers exhibited systematic failures of roughness constancy across illumination conditions for triangular-faceted surfaces where physical roughness was defined as the variance of facet heights. These failures could be due, in part, to cues in the scene that con...

BACKGROUND/AIMS To determine the roughness of the surface of human skin at highly sun-exposed anatomical sites in a wide age range in order to derive consequences for sunscreen application. METHODS The forehead, cheek, nose, shoulder, and dorsal hand of 4 age groups (0-9, 20-39, 40-59, and >60 years) were investigated by replica formation, and areal topography was determined by confocal chrom...